Muehrer P
Prevention Research Branch, NIMH, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1995;25 Suppl:72-81.
Research on the hypothesized relationship between sexual orientation and suicide is limited both in quantity and quality. National or statewide data on the frequency and causes of completed suicide in gay and lesbian people in the general population, including youth, do not exist. Similarly, national or statewide data on the frequency of suicide attempts among the general population or among gay and lesbian people, including youth, do not exist. Methodological limitations in the small research literature include a lack of consensus on definitions for key terms such as suicide attempt and sexual orientation, uncertain reliability and validity of measures for these terms, nonrepresentative samples, and a lack of appropriate nongay and/or nonclinical control groups for making accurate comparisons. These numerous methodological limitations prevent accurate conclusions about the role sexual orientation might play in suicidal behavior; the limitations also suggest opportunities for future research. Furthermore, recent evaluations of some school suicide-awareness programs suggest that these programs are ineffective and may actually have unintended negative effects. The premature dissemination of unproven programs is unwarranted.
关于性取向与自杀之间假定关系的研究，在数量和质量上都很有限。目前没有全国性或全州范围内关于普通人群（包括青少年）中同性恋者自杀既遂的频率和原因的数据。同样，也没有全国性或全州范围内关于普通人群或同性恋者（包括青少年）自杀未遂频率的数据。小型研究文献中的方法学局限性包括：对于自杀未遂和性取向等关键术语的定义缺乏共识，这些术语测量方法的可靠性和有效性不确定，样本缺乏代表性，以及缺乏适当的非同性恋和/或非临床对照组来进行准确比较。这些众多的方法学局限性阻碍了我们就性取向在自杀行为中可能扮演的角色得出准确结论；这些局限性也为未来的研究提供了机会。此外，最近对一些学校自杀意识项目的评估表明，这些项目无效，实际上可能产生意想不到的负面影响。过早传播未经证实的项目是没有道理的。
