Bergmann G, Kölbel R, Rauschenbach N, Rohlmann A
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1977 Apr;115(2):174-82.
The effect of one cane or forearm-crutch on some mechanical parameters at the contralateral hip were investigated. 5 healthy individuals were photographed on a walkway while using an instrumented cane/crutch. Geometric data from an original mathematical model were taken from these fotographs and an X-ray film of the pelvis and femur. The resultant force and pressure at the hip joint, shear force in the femoral neck and, in one case, the bending moment in the trochanteric region were computed and expressed as a function of the load applied to the walking-aid. All values decreased with an increase of this load. The reduction of force and pressure at the hip joint achieved by application of a load equal to 15% of bodyweight are superior to those resulting from common operative procedures done for the samp purpose. Differences between the effects of one sided cane and forearm-crutch are negligible.
研究了单根手杖或前臂拐杖对健侧髋关节某些力学参数的影响。5名健康个体在使用装有仪器的手杖/拐杖时在人行道上被拍照。从这些照片以及骨盆和股骨的X光片获取原始数学模型的几何数据。计算髋关节处的合力和压力、股骨颈处的剪切力，以及在一种情况下转子区域的弯矩，并将其表示为施加在助行器上负载的函数。所有值均随该负载的增加而降低。施加等于体重15%的负载所实现的髋关节处力和压力的降低优于为相同目的进行的常见手术操作所产生的效果。单侧手杖和前臂拐杖效果之间的差异可忽略不计。
