Guézennec C Y
Institut de Médecine Aérospatiale, Service de Santé des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 1995 Oct;179(7):1449-57; discussion 1458-9.
Physical exercise induces a mobilization of energy substrates in order to furnish fuel for metabolic pathways. A part of this regulation is under hormonal influences. A decrease in plasma insulin and an increase in catecholamines play a central role. It results an enhanced lipolysis. The increase in insulin sensitivity favours muscle glucose consumption in spite of hypoinsulinemia during exercise. These coordinated actions indicate that physical training is able to influence the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes with insulin resistance when the etiology of type 1 diabetes is not influenced by physical training. Physical exercise exerts a synergic effect with diet in the treatment of obesity but it is inefficient alone. The action of physical training on metabolic disease is related to the level and duration of training.
体育锻炼会引发能量底物的动员，以便为代谢途径提供燃料。这种调节的一部分受激素影响。血浆胰岛素水平降低和儿茶酚胺水平升高起着核心作用。这会导致脂肪分解增强。尽管运动期间胰岛素水平较低，但胰岛素敏感性的提高有利于肌肉对葡萄糖的消耗。这些协同作用表明，当1型糖尿病的病因不受体育锻炼影响时，体育锻炼能够影响伴有胰岛素抵抗的2型糖尿病的发病机制。体育锻炼在肥胖症治疗中与饮食发挥协同作用，但单独进行时效果不佳。体育锻炼对代谢疾病的作用与锻炼的强度和持续时间有关。
