Smith R M, Spinks W L
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Sports Sci. 1995 Oct;13(5):377-85. doi: 10.1080/02640419508732253.
Oar force and oar angle data resulting from a 6-min maximal rowing ergometer test undertaken by novice (n = 9), good (n = 23) and national (n = 9) level male rowers, were used to identify biomechanical performance variables which accurately discriminated between rowers of differing ability levels. The variables included two work capacity measures, mean propulsive power output per kilogram of body mass (W kg-1) and propulsive work consistency (%), and two skill variables, stroke-to-stroke consistency (%) and stroke smoothness (%). Discriminant function analysis indicated the presence of two functions, both of which clearly indicated the importance of mean propulsive power output per kilogram of body mass as a discriminating variable. Function 2 gave greater weight to stroke-to-stroke consistency and stroke smoothness than function 1; however, function 1 was the most powerful discriminator. Classification procedures were used to predict the ability level to which a rower most likely belonged and involved defining the 'distance' between each rower and each ability level centroid, with the rower being classified into the 'nearest' ability level. These procedures indicated that 100% of the elite, 73.9% of the good, 88.9% of the novice and 82.9% of all rowers were correctly classified into their respective skill levels. Stepwise discriminant analysis included the variables in the following order: mean propulsive power output per kilogram of body mass, stroke-to-stroke consistency, stroke smoothness and propulsive work consistency (P < 0.001). The results of this study indicate that biomechanical performance variables related to rowing capacity and skill may be identified and used to discriminate accurately between rowers of differing skill levels, and that, of these variables, propulsive work consistency is the least effective discriminator.
新手（n = 9）、优秀（n = 23）和国家级（n = 9）水平的男性赛艇运动员进行6分钟最大强度赛艇测力计测试所得到的桨力和桨角数据，用于确定能够准确区分不同能力水平赛艇运动员的生物力学性能变量。这些变量包括两项工作能力指标，即每千克体重的平均推进功率输出（W·kg⁻¹）和推进工作一致性（%），以及两项技术变量，即逐桨一致性（%）和划桨平顺性（%）。判别函数分析表明存在两个函数，二者均清楚地表明每千克体重的平均推进功率输出作为判别变量的重要性。函数2对逐桨一致性和划桨平顺性的权重比函数1更大；然而，函数1是最强大的判别器。分类程序用于预测赛艇运动员最可能所属的能力水平，包括定义每个赛艇运动员与每个能力水平质心之间的“距离”，赛艇运动员被分类到“最近的”能力水平。这些程序表明，100%的精英、73.9%的优秀、88.9%的新手和82.9%的所有赛艇运动员被正确分类到各自的技术水平。逐步判别分析按以下顺序纳入变量：每千克体重的平均推进功率输出、逐桨一致性、划桨平顺性和推进工作一致性（P < 0.001）。本研究结果表明，可以识别与赛艇能力和技术相关的生物力学性能变量，并用于准确区分不同技术水平的赛艇运动员，而且在这些变量中，推进工作一致性是最无效的判别器。
