Costamagna G, Cotroneo A R, Mutignani M, Di Stasi C, Perri V
Istituto di Clinica Chirurgica Generale, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Roma.
Rays. 1995 Jul-Sep;20(3):326-37.
Jaundice is the dominant symptom in patients with biliary obstruction from carcinomas of the pancreatic head area. The many symptoms usually associated to prolonged biliary stasis (malnutrition, coagulopathy, pruritus hepatocellular failure, renal dysfunction, angiocolitis) is commonly resolved or relieved by biliary drainage. Palliation is frequently the only feasible treatment in these patients due to the biological aggressiveness of these tumors characterized by the early infiltration of adjacent tissues. Endoscopic and percutaneous procedures of biliary recanalization are as effective as those of surgical palliation, are more comfortable to the patients and burdened with a lower morbidity and mortality. In selected patients, palliation of jaundice can be combined with intraluminal radiotherapy or pancreatic drainage the latter aimed at the relief of the "obstructive" pain present in some patients with carcinoma of the area of the head of the pancreas.
黄疸是胰头区癌所致胆道梗阻患者的主要症状。长期胆汁淤积通常会伴随多种症状（营养不良、凝血功能障碍、瘙痒、肝细胞衰竭、肾功能不全、血管炎），而胆道引流通常能解决或缓解这些症状。由于这些肿瘤具有生物学侵袭性，其特征是早期浸润邻近组织，因此姑息治疗往往是这些患者唯一可行的治疗方法。内镜和经皮胆道再通术与手术姑息治疗同样有效，对患者来说更舒适，发病率和死亡率更低。在选定的患者中，黄疸的姑息治疗可与腔内放疗或胰腺引流相结合，后者旨在缓解一些胰头癌患者出现的“梗阻性”疼痛。
