Ozturk M, Ozturk O M
Br J Med Psychol. 1977 Mar;50(1):95-103. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1977.tb02403.x.
A review of the studies on the aetiology of habitual thumbsucking reveals either contradictory or inconclusive results. In this study carried out in Turkey, 50 thumbsuckers, 50 non-thumbsuckers, 250 school children and 312 'problem' children were investigated through interviews, questionnaires and other clinical techniques with their mothers. Among variables studied were aspects of feeding, onset and incidence of thumbsucking, strength of sucking drive, sex distribution, educational level and occupation of mothers, parental attitudes toward physical contact with children, mother-child relationships, and particular forms of falling asleep. It was found that thumbsucking was aetiologically more related to ways of falling asleep than to other factors. An attempt was made to explain the social, psychological and physiological basis of the aetiological significance of the falling asleep-stage in habitual thumbsucking. These findings now permit predictive longitudinal investigations to test this accuracy.
对习惯性吮拇指病因学研究的综述显示，结果要么相互矛盾，要么尚无定论。在土耳其开展的这项研究中，通过与母亲进行访谈、问卷调查及其他临床技术，对50名吮拇指儿童、50名非吮拇指儿童、250名学童和312名“问题”儿童进行了调查。研究的变量包括喂养方式、吮拇指的开始时间和发生率、吮吸驱动力强度、性别分布、母亲的教育水平和职业、父母对与孩子身体接触的态度、母婴关系以及入睡的特殊形式。研究发现，从病因学角度来看，吮拇指与入睡方式的关联比与其他因素的关联更大。人们试图解释习惯性吮拇指中入睡阶段病因学意义的社会、心理和生理基础。这些发现现在允许进行预测性纵向研究来检验这种准确性。
