Patwardhan A R, Vallurupalli S, Evans J M, Bruce E N, Knapp C F
Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0070, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995 Sep;79(3):1048-54. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.3.1048.
We investigated the effects of voluntary control of breathing on autonomic function in cardiovascular regulation. Variability in heart rate was compared between 5 min of spontaneous and controlled breathing. During controlled breathing, for 5 min, subjects voluntarily reproduced their own spontaneous breathing pattern (both rate and volume on a breath-by-breath basis). With the use of this experimental design, we could unmask the effects of voluntary override of the spontaneous respiratory pattern generator on autonomic function in cardiovascular regulation without the confounding effects of altered respiratory pattern. Results from 10 subjects showed that during voluntary control of breathing, mean values of heart rate and blood pressure increased, whereas fractal and spectral powers in heart rate in the respiratory frequency region decreased. End-tidal PCO2 was similar during spontaneous and controlled breathing. These results indicate that the act of voluntary control of breathing decreases the influence of the vagal component, which is the principal parasympathetic influence in cardiovascular regulation.
我们研究了呼吸的自主控制对心血管调节中自主神经功能的影响。比较了5分钟自主呼吸和控制呼吸期间心率的变异性。在控制呼吸期间，持续5分钟，受试者自主重现自身的自主呼吸模式（逐次呼吸的频率和容积）。通过使用这种实验设计，我们能够揭示自主呼吸模式发生器的自主调节对心血管调节中自主神经功能的影响，而不会受到呼吸模式改变的混杂影响。10名受试者的结果表明，在自主控制呼吸期间，心率和血压的平均值增加，而呼吸频率区域内心率的分形和频谱功率降低。自主呼吸和控制呼吸期间的呼气末二氧化碳分压相似。这些结果表明，呼吸的自主控制行为降低了迷走神经成分的影响，而迷走神经成分是心血管调节中主要的副交感神经影响因素。
