Maggiorini M, Brimioulle S, De Canniere D, Delcroix M, Wauthy P, Naeije R
Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995 Oct;79(4):1156-62. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.4.1156.
The pig has been reported to present with a stronger hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) than many other species, including dogs. We investigated [pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa)-pulmonary arterial occluded pressure (Ppao)] vs. pulmonary blood flow (Q) relationships and pulmonary vascular impedance (PVZ) spectra in nine minipigs and nine weight-matched dogs. The animals were anesthetized and ventilated in hyperoxia [inspired O2 fraction 0.4] or hypoxia (inspired O2 fraction 0.12). PVZ was computed from the Fourier series for Ppa and Q. In hyperoxia, the pigs had a higher Ppa (26 +/- 1 vs. 16 +/- 1 mmHg), a higher first-harmonic impedance (Z1), and a more negative low-frequency phase angle but no different characteristic impedance (Zc) compared with the dogs at the same Q. Hypoxia in the dogs increased (Ppa-Ppao) at all levels of Q studied by an average of 2 mmHg but did not affect Z1 or Zc. Hypoxia in the pigs increased (Ppa-Ppao) at all levels of Q by an average of 13 mmHg and increased Z1 and Zc. Inhaled NO (150 ppm) reversed the hypoxia-induced changes in (Ppa-Ppao)/Q plots and PVZ in the dogs and pigs. However, differences in (Ppa-Ppao)/Q plots and PVZ between the dogs and pigs in hyperoxia and hypoxia were not affected by inhaled NO. We conclude 1) that minipigs present with an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and impedance in hypoxia more than in hyperoxia and 2) that baseline differences in pulmonary hemodynamics between dogs and minipigs are structural rather than functional.
据报道，猪比包括狗在内的许多其他物种表现出更强的缺氧性肺血管收缩（HPV）。我们研究了9只小型猪和9只体重匹配的狗的肺动脉压（Ppa）-肺动脉闭塞压（Ppao）与肺血流量（Q）的关系以及肺血管阻抗（PVZ）频谱。动物在高氧（吸入氧分数0.4）或低氧（吸入氧分数0.12）状态下进行麻醉和通气。PVZ由Ppa和Q的傅里叶级数计算得出。在高氧状态下，与相同Q值的狗相比，猪的Ppa更高（26±1 vs 16±1 mmHg），基波阻抗（Z1）更高，低频相角更负，但特征阻抗（Zc）无差异。狗在低氧状态下，在所研究的所有Q值水平下，（Ppa - Ppao）平均增加2 mmHg，但不影响Z1或Zc。猪在低氧状态下，所有Q值水平下（Ppa - Ppao）平均增加13 mmHg，并增加Z1和Zc。吸入一氧化氮（150 ppm）可逆转狗和猪低氧诱导的（Ppa - Ppao）/Q图和PVZ的变化。然而，高氧和低氧状态下狗和猪之间（Ppa - Ppao）/Q图和PVZ的差异不受吸入一氧化氮的影响。我们得出结论：1）小型猪在低氧状态下比高氧状态下肺血管阻力和阻抗升高；2）狗和小型猪之间肺血流动力学的基线差异是结构性的而非功能性的。
