Chesmel K D, Black J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
J Biomed Mater Res. 1995 Sep;29(9):1089-99. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820290909.
The clinical success of any implant is directly dependent upon the cellular behavior in the immediate vicinity of the interface established between the host tissue and the biomaterial(s) used to fabricate the device. All biomaterials have morphologic, chemical, and electrical surface characteristics that influence the cellular response to the implant. Quantitative measurement of specific aspects of this local host response to different but well-characterized biomaterial surfaces provides a crucial link in the understanding of the overall phenomenon of implant biocompatibility. A system has been devised for in vitro examination of responses of cells to controlled but independent changes in both the chemistry and morphology of polystyrene (PS) tissue culture surfaces. Micromachined silicon wafers were used as templates to solvent-cast PS replicas [using 0, 1, or 2 wt % styrene (S) monomer additions] with either none, 0.5- or 5.0-microns-deep surface grooves arranged in a radial array. When all possible morphologies were combined with all possible polymers, nine model biomaterial surfaces (MBSs) were produced. The chemical characteristics of the MBSs were determined using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and contact angle techniques and were found to be distinct. The types and amount of proteins that adsorb onto these surfaces from serum containing media were examined and found to consist of multiple molecular layers of relatively uniform composition. Self-contained tissue culture vessels formed from the MBSs were capable of supporting the growth of confluent cultures of rat calvarial cells. The model biomaterial system described here can be used to examine how simultaneous stimuli resulting from the chemical and morphological characteristics of a test material may influence biologic responses. Such multifactorial biocompatibility research is needed to properly document material-host interactions.
任何植入物的临床成功都直接取决于宿主组织与用于制造该装置的生物材料之间建立的界面附近的细胞行为。所有生物材料都具有影响细胞对植入物反应的形态、化学和电学表面特征。对这种局部宿主对不同但特征明确的生物材料表面反应的特定方面进行定量测量，为理解植入物生物相容性的整体现象提供了关键环节。已经设计了一种系统，用于体外检测细胞对聚苯乙烯（PS）组织培养表面化学和形态的可控但独立变化的反应。微加工硅晶片用作模板，以溶剂浇铸PS复制品[添加0、1或2 wt%苯乙烯（S）单体]，表面有径向排列的无、0.5微米或5.0微米深的凹槽。当所有可能的形态与所有可能的聚合物组合时，产生了九个模型生物材料表面（MBS）。使用电子能谱进行化学分析、二次离子质谱和接触角技术测定了MBS的化学特征，发现它们是不同的。检查了从含血清培养基吸附到这些表面上的蛋白质的类型和数量，发现由组成相对均匀的多个分子层组成。由MBS形成的独立组织培养容器能够支持大鼠颅骨细胞汇合培养物的生长。这里描述的模型生物材料系统可用于研究测试材料的化学和形态特征产生的同时刺激如何影响生物学反应。需要进行这种多因素生物相容性研究来正确记录材料与宿主的相互作用。
