Woodfolk J A, Slunt J B, Deuell B, Hayden M L, Platts-Mills T A
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
J Immunol. 1996 Feb 15;156(4):1695-701.
Dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton cause infections of human skin, nails, and hair. Unlike most Ags, Trichophyton can elicit either immediate (IH) or delayed (DH) hypersensitivity skin reactions. Previous studies isolated a 30-kDa Ag (Tri t 1) that caused IH skin tests. The study presented here used skin testing and in vitro T cell proliferation assays to monitor purification of an Ag, designated Protein IV, associated with DH reactions. Protein IV was purified by cation exchange HPLC; amino acid sequence analysis of the N-terminus and nine internal peptides (143 residues) revealed no homologies to Tri t 1 or to any other known proteins. A mAb-based ELISA was developed to measure Protein IV. Protein IV elicited DH skin reactions in subjects with a history of athlete's foot but also caused IH skin reactions. Serologic responses to Protein IV were studied in 59 adults who had been skin tested with Trichophyton extract. IH skin reactions were associated with a positive RAST (14/23) as well as with specific IgE (13/23) and IgG4 (14/23) Abs to Protein IV. DH skin tests were not associated with IgE or IgG4 Abs. IgE anti-Protein IV Abs were quantitatively correlated with IgG4 Abs (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). Specific IgG Abs to Protein IV were highest in IH subjects (gm = 230 U/ml), and lowest in those with DH (gm = 91 U/ml) or negative (gm = 81 U/ml) skin tests; furthermore, the prevalence of IgG Abs increased significantly with age. Protein IV is the first defined protein associated with both DH and IH skin reactions; these reactions are characterized by distinct serologic responses. The results establish that diverse immune responses in humans can be directed against the same protein.
毛癣菌属的皮肤癣菌可引起人类皮肤、指甲和毛发感染。与大多数抗原不同，毛癣菌可引发即刻（IH）或迟发（DH）超敏皮肤反应。先前的研究分离出一种引起IH皮肤试验的30 kDa抗原（Tri t 1）。本文的研究使用皮肤试验和体外T细胞增殖试验来监测与DH反应相关的一种名为蛋白IV的抗原的纯化过程。蛋白IV通过阳离子交换HPLC进行纯化；对N端和九个内部肽段（143个残基）的氨基酸序列分析显示，其与Tri t 1或任何其他已知蛋白均无同源性。开发了一种基于单克隆抗体的ELISA来检测蛋白IV。蛋白IV在有足癣病史的受试者中引发DH皮肤反应，但也会引起IH皮肤反应。在59名用毛癣菌提取物进行皮肤试验的成年人中研究了对蛋白IV的血清学反应。IH皮肤反应与RAST阳性（14/23）以及针对蛋白IV的特异性IgE（13/23）和IgG4（14/23）抗体相关。DH皮肤试验与IgE或IgG4抗体无关。IgE抗蛋白IV抗体与IgG4抗体在数量上相关（r = 0.57，p < 0.001）。针对蛋白IV的特异性IgG抗体在IH受试者中最高（几何平均浓度 = 230 U/ml），在DH受试者（几何平均浓度 = 91 U/ml）或皮肤试验阴性（几何平均浓度 = 81 U/ml）的受试者中最低；此外，IgG抗体的患病率随年龄显著增加。蛋白IV是首个与DH和IH皮肤反应均相关的明确蛋白；这些反应具有不同的血清学特征。结果表明，人类中不同的免疫反应可针对同一蛋白。
