Barnhart J W, Caldwell W J
J Chromatogr. 1977 Jan 11;130:243-9. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)89801-5.
A procedure for the determination of hydrocodone (dihydrocodeinone) in serum has been developed. Hydrocodone and N-isobutyldihydronorcodeinone, the internal standard, are extracted from serum by chloroform-isopropyl alcohol (9:1, v/v). The extracts are purified by back-extraction into 0.1 N sulfuric acid and a final basic extraction into benzene. The pentafluorophenylhydrazone derivatives are formed and determined using electron capture gas chromatography. As little as 1 ng/ml of hydrocodone in serum can be determined. A closely related compound and potential metabolite, dihydronorcodeinone, does not interfere. Serum hydrocodone levels were determined in dogs after oral and intravenous doses of 0.5 mg/kg, and in humans after a 10-mg oral dose of the bitartrate. A mean peak serum drug concentration of 23.6 ng/ml and a terminal half-life of 3.8 h resulted from the human study. The terminal half-life in serum was 1.8 h after the intravenous dose in dogs.
已开发出一种测定血清中氢可酮（二氢可待因酮）的方法。氢可酮和内标物N-异丁基二氢去甲可待因酮用氯仿-异丙醇（9:1，v/v）从血清中萃取。萃取物通过反萃取至0.1N硫酸中进行纯化，最后再用苯进行碱性萃取。形成五氟苯腙衍生物并使用电子捕获气相色谱法进行测定。血清中低至1 ng/ml的氢可酮均可被测定。一种密切相关的化合物及潜在代谢物二氢去甲可待因酮不产生干扰。给犬口服和静脉注射0.5 mg/kg剂量后以及给人口服10 mg酒石酸氢可酮剂量后，测定了血清中的氢可酮水平。人体研究结果显示，血清药物平均峰浓度为23.6 ng/ml，终末半衰期为3.8小时。犬静脉注射给药后，血清中的终末半衰期为1.8小时。
