Griffin T K, Dodd F H, Neave F K, Westgarth D R, Kingwil R G, Wilson C D
J Dairy Res. 1977 Feb;44(1):25-45. doi: 10.1017/s0022029900019907.
Diagnosis of microbial infections in the udders of cows in commercial dairy farms for large experiments cannot be without error. Limitations of sampling method and routine prevent collection of the necessary information for sure diagnosis. However, with an organized method of repeated bacteriological examinations using consistent and proven methods of aseptic sampling the errors were shown to be very low. A method based on bacteriological tests on aseptic milk samples was used in 32 herds (approximately 2000 cows) for a 3-year period. This is described and examined in terms of other criteria to validate its use in experimental work. With this method it was not difficult to differentiate between those quarters which regularly shed pathogens and those which did not. Other evidence indicated that it was reasonable to assume that this classification accurately distinguished between infected and uninfected quarters. The errors using this method were quite small: when measuring the state of infection of all quarters in the herds the errors did not exceed 1%. Some small modifications to the method described are suggested to improve further its diagnostic accuracy.
对于大型实验而言，商业奶牛场奶牛乳房微生物感染的诊断并非毫无差错。采样方法和常规操作的局限性使得无法收集到进行确切诊断所需的信息。然而，采用有组织的方法，通过一致且经过验证的无菌采样方法进行重复的细菌学检查，结果显示误差非常低。在32个牛群（约2000头奶牛）中，对无菌牛奶样本进行细菌学检测的方法使用了3年。本文将根据其他标准对其进行描述和检验，以验证其在实验工作中的应用。使用这种方法，不难区分那些经常排出病原体的乳腺和不排出病原体的乳腺。其他证据表明，有理由认为这种分类能够准确区分感染和未感染的乳腺。使用这种方法产生的误差相当小：在测量牛群中所有乳腺的感染状态时，误差不超过1%。本文还建议对所述方法进行一些小的改进，以进一步提高其诊断准确性。
