A review of patients on methadone maintenance.

This study involves a review of 178 patients on a strictly monitored methadone maintenance programme. All patients had a minimum of 9 years of intravenous drug misuse. 35.7% were HIV positive, 55.7% males and 29% females had previous prison sentences. On average patients had undergone 3.26 out-patient and 0.9 in-patient detoxification. 46.1% had attempted rehabilitation in the past. Out of 25,470 urine samples obtained while on the programme, 10.8% were positive for opiates, 19.2% for benzodiazepines, 32.5% for cannabis, 4.92% for alcohol and 2.27% for amphetamines. Long history of misuse, multiple custodial sentences, previous unsuccessful rehabilitation and positive HIV status were associated with acceptance for maintenance. Frequency of urinalysis, and results triggering dose change can effectively reduce illicit drug use.