Miyakawa M
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1995 Dec;50(5):986-97. doi: 10.1265/jjh.50.986.
To evaluate the risk factors for diabetes mellitus, I examined 2573 people (1851 males and 722 females) who received medical checkups more than twice at a health examination center in Tokyo during the period from 1976 through 1991. Diabetic patients were excluded at the beginning. The mean follow up duration was 5.2 years. A self-registering questionnaire was administered at the time of the health checkup. The standard of this study was the onset of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance (fasting blood sugar over 110 mg/dl). I compared two prognosis groups (a normal group and a diabetic group) in terms of age, examination findings and prevalence of health risks (lifestyle, stress and working form). I also assessed family history of diabetes and past history including hypertension, hepercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia. After assessing each variable, I employed Cox's proportional hazards model analysis. 1) Among the subjects, 296 persons (243/1851 [13.1%] males, and 53/722 [7.3%] females) were newly diagnosed with diabetes during the observation period. 2) The diabetic group had significant differences compared to the normal group in age, BMI (Body Mass Index), FBS (fasting blood sugar), smoking, drinking, eating no breakfast, dairy intake, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, and family history by t-test and chi 2 test. 3) According to proportional hazards model analysis, FBS, age, family history, hypertension, smoking and BMI were selected as significant risk factors for diabetes in males. For females, breakfast, FBS, age, drinking and hypertension were selected. 4) Diabetes seemed to be related to fixed factors such as age, or genetic factors such as family history and FBS in males. For females, lifestyle, such as eating no breakfast and drinking habit played an important role.
为评估糖尿病的风险因素，我对1976年至1991年期间在东京一家健康检查中心接受过两次以上体检的2573人（1851名男性和722名女性）进行了检查。一开始就排除了糖尿病患者。平均随访时间为5.2年。在健康检查时发放了一份自填式问卷。本研究的标准是糖尿病或糖耐量异常（空腹血糖超过110mg/dl）的发病情况。我比较了两个预后组（正常组和糖尿病组）在年龄、检查结果和健康风险（生活方式、压力和工作形式）患病率方面的差异。我还评估了糖尿病家族史以及包括高血压、高胆固醇血症和高尿酸血症在内的既往病史。在评估每个变量后，我采用了Cox比例风险模型分析。1）在研究对象中，有296人（男性243/1851[13.1%]，女性53/722[7.3%]）在观察期内新诊断为糖尿病。2） 通过t检验和卡方检验，糖尿病组与正常组在年龄、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FBS）、吸烟、饮酒、不吃早餐、乳制品摄入量、高血压患、高胆固醇血症、高尿酸血症和家族史方面存在显著差异。3） 根据比例风险模型分析，FBS、年龄、家族史、高血压、吸烟和BMI被选为男性患糖尿病的重要风险因素。对于女性，选择不吃早餐、FBS、年龄、饮酒和高血压。4） 糖尿病似乎与男性的年龄等固定因素或家族史和FBS等遗传因素有关。对于女性来说，不吃早餐和饮酒习惯等生活方式起到了重要作用。
