Rimmer J H, Braddock D, Marks B
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb 60115-2854.
Res Dev Disabil. 1995 Nov-Dec;16(6):489-99. doi: 10.1016/0891-4222(95)00033-x.
Three hundred and twenty-nine subjects (aged 17-70 years) residing in an institution (N = 184), group home (N = 39), or with one or more family members (N = 106) were evaluated on body composition, blood lipids, and health behaviors. Subjects in the institutional group had lower body weights than those in the group home and natural family settings (p < .001) and also had lower BMIs and percent body fat levels compared to those in the natural family (p < .001). The institutional group also had lower total cholesterol and LDL-C levels than the group home and natural family groups (p < .001) and lower TG and ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-C than the natural family group (p < .01). Although overall use was quite limited, residents in the group home setting smoked more cigarettes, drank more alcohol and coffee, and exercised less than those in the institution and natural family (p < .001). Group home residents also exercised less. Health promotion and disease prevention initiatives for persons with mental retardation living in group homes, in supported living placements, and with their natural families should be undertaken and carefully evaluated.
对居住在机构（N = 184）、集体之家（N = 39）或与一名或多名家庭成员一起生活（N = 106）的329名受试者（年龄在17至70岁之间）进行了身体成分、血脂和健康行为评估。机构组的受试者体重低于集体之家组和自然家庭环境组的受试者（p < .001），与自然家庭组相比，其BMI和体脂百分比水平也更低（p < .001）。机构组的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平也低于集体之家组和自然家庭组（p < .001），甘油三酯以及总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比率低于自然家庭组（p < .01）。尽管总体使用相当有限，但集体之家环境中的居民比机构组和自然家庭中的居民吸烟更多、饮酒和咖啡更多且锻炼更少（p < .001）。集体之家的居民锻炼也更少。应对居住在集体之家、支持性居住场所及与自然家庭一起生活的智力障碍者开展健康促进和疾病预防举措，并进行仔细评估。
