Zeidner N S, Belasco D L, Dreitz M J, Frank G R, Usinger W R
Department of Immunology, Paravax, Inc., Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
Vaccine. 1995 Oct;13(14):1294-9. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(95)00047-5.
Gliding bacterial adjuvant (GBA) has been previously characterized as a potent immune modulator, stimulating the growth of murine B lymphocytes, inducing murine NK cell activity, and promoting the release of several murine cytokines. Based on these studies and our interest in potentiating the effectiveness of feline vaccines, GBA was tested for its ability to stimulate feline T cells in vitro and act as a vaccine adjuvant in vivo. In vitro, GBA stimulated feline PBLs to proliferate and release interferon (IFN) and IL-2. Unlike IFN, the release of IL-2 appeared to be unaffected by prior depletion of macrophages, indicating GBA directly stimulated feline T cells. In vivo GBA was co-administered with Keyhole Limpet Hemacyanin (KLH) and the anti-KLH antibody response was compared to cats receiving KLH emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Fourteen days after the third immunization and continuing for a 30-day observation period, KLH-specific IgG titers in cats receiving GBA were significantly higher than those given CFA. However, when cats were subsequently boosted with KLH alone, those cats receiving CFA demonstrated significantly higher antibody titers throughout a second 30-day observation period. The anti-KLH antibody memory response was greatly enhanced when GBA was emulsified with incomplete Freunds adjuvant (IFA) prior to injection. Serum titers of cats given KLH in an oil-based GBA preparation were significantly higher than cats receiving KLH adjuvanted with IFA or CFA, an effect which persisted 38 days after boosting with KLH alone. Finally, GBA significantly enhanced the feline humoral response to a recombinant protein of Dirofilaria immitis, the causative agent of feline heartworm. Serum titers of cats inoculated with recombinant antigen in GBA were significantly greater than cats given recombinant antigen adjuvanted with Titermax, alum, or NAGO. These studies indicate that GBA induces T cell proliferation and the release of IL-2 and IFN in vitro and can be used to enhance the recall antibody response to both a T cell dependent antigen and an immunogen derived from Dirofilaria immitis.
滑行细菌佐剂（GBA）先前已被鉴定为一种有效的免疫调节剂，可刺激小鼠B淋巴细胞生长，诱导小鼠NK细胞活性，并促进多种小鼠细胞因子的释放。基于这些研究以及我们对增强猫疫苗效力的兴趣，对GBA在体外刺激猫T细胞以及在体内作为疫苗佐剂的能力进行了测试。在体外，GBA刺激猫外周血淋巴细胞增殖并释放干扰素（IFN）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）。与IFN不同，IL-2的释放似乎不受巨噬细胞预先耗竭的影响，这表明GBA直接刺激猫T细胞。在体内，GBA与钥孔戚血蓝蛋白（KLH）共同给药，并将抗KLH抗体反应与接受完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）乳化的KLH的猫进行比较。第三次免疫后14天并持续30天观察期，接受GBA的猫中KLH特异性IgG滴度显著高于接受CFA的猫。然而，当猫随后单独用KLH加强免疫时，那些接受CFA的猫在第二个30天观察期内显示出显著更高的抗体滴度。当GBA在注射前与不完全弗氏佐剂（IFA）乳化时，抗KLH抗体记忆反应大大增强。在油基GBA制剂中给予KLH的猫的血清滴度显著高于接受IFA或CFA佐剂的KLH的猫，在用KLH单独加强免疫后38天这种效果仍然存在。最后，GBA显著增强了猫对犬恶丝虫（猫心丝虫病原体）重组蛋白的体液反应。接种GBA中重组抗原的猫的血清滴度显著高于给予用Titermax、明矾或NAGO佐剂的重组抗原的猫。这些研究表明，GBA在体外诱导T细胞增殖以及IL-2和IFN的释放，并且可用于增强对T细胞依赖性抗原和源自犬恶丝虫的免疫原的回忆抗体反应。
