Bomba A, Zitnan R, Koniarová I, Lauková A, Sommer A, Posivák J, Bucko V, Pataky J
Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovakia.
Arch Tierernahr. 1995;48(3):231-43. doi: 10.1080/17450399509381844.
Observations were carried out of actual acidity, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, enzyme activity in the rumen, total protein, urea, total lipid and glucose in the serum of conventional (CL) and gnotobiotic lambs (GL) in the period of milk nutrition. The inoculum of gnotobiotic lambs contained Streptococcus bovis, Prevoxella ruminicola, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Selenomonas ruminantium at a concentration of 1.10(6) each. Throughout the observation period the pH of the rumen contents of gnotobiotic lambs ranged within 6.5-6.8 with a significant difference at an age of 7 weeks. Total VFA concentrations in the rumen contents were increased in the CL throughout milk nutrition: the differences at 4 and 5 weeks of age were significant. Total VFA in the conventional lambs revealed an increasing tendency between weeks 4 and 7, reaching higher levels at 7 weeks of age (57.1 mmol.l-1), whereas in the gnotobiotic animals the range (24.3-30.1 mmol.l-1) was narrow and the peak occurred at 6 weeks of age. In GL significantly increased molar proportions of acetic acid were observed whereas in CL the molar proportions of propionic acid proved to be significant increased. The molar proportions of butyric and valeric acids were increased in CL but the group differences were not significant. In GL no isoacids were found. Alpha amylase (E.C.3.2.1.1.) activity of the rumen contents was significantly increased in GL between weeks 2 and 6 of age whereas cellulase (endoglucanase E.C.3.2.1.4. and cellobiohydrolase E.C.3.2.1.91.) activity was significantly increased in 4-week-old CL. Over the whole period of milk nutrition no significant differences were observed in urease (E.C.3.5.1.5.) activity of the rumen contents in the examined groups. At 5 weeks of age significantly increased total protein levels were observed in the conventional animals with maximum levels occurring at 4 weeks of age (CL-59.5 g.l-1 GL-55.3 g.l-1). Urea levels in 6-week old conventional lambs were significantly higher than in the gnotobiotic animals (CL-6.4 mmol.l-1 vs. GL-1.9 mmol.l-1). As to glycaemia no significant group differences were recorded. In the conventional animals total lipid levels were significantly increased at 1 and 6 weeks of age with a peak occurring in the first week of life (7.5 g.l-1) whereas in the gnotobiotic lambs a significant increase was observed at 3 weeks of age, the peak being recorded in 4 week-old animals (4.3 g.l-1). Throughout the period of interest the mean daily weight gains in the conventional and gnotobiotic lambs presented 0.164 and 0.162 kg, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
对常规饲养（CL）和无菌羔羊（GL）在哺乳期的实际酸度、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度、瘤胃中的酶活性、血清中的总蛋白、尿素、总脂质和葡萄糖进行了观察。无菌羔羊的接种物中含有牛链球菌、反刍普雷沃氏菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌和反刍月形单胞菌，浓度均为1.10(6)。在整个观察期内，无菌羔羊瘤胃内容物的pH值在6.5 - 6.8之间，7周龄时存在显著差异。在整个哺乳期，常规饲养羔羊瘤胃内容物中的总VFA浓度有所增加：4周龄和5周龄时差异显著。常规饲养羔羊的总VFA在4至7周龄之间呈上升趋势，7周龄时达到较高水平（57.1 mmol·l-1），而无菌羔羊的范围较窄（24.3 - 30.1 mmol·l-1），峰值出现在6周龄。在无菌羔羊中观察到乙酸的摩尔比例显著增加，而在常规饲养羔羊中，丙酸的摩尔比例显著增加。丁酸和戊酸的摩尔比例在常规饲养羔羊中增加，但组间差异不显著。在无菌羔羊中未发现异酸。无菌羔羊瘤胃内容物的α淀粉酶（E.C.3.2.1.1.）活性在2至6周龄之间显著增加，而纤维素酶（内切葡聚糖酶E.C.3.2.1.4.和纤维二糖水解酶E.C.3.2.1.91.）活性在4周龄的常规饲养羔羊中显著增加。在整个哺乳期，所检查组瘤胃内容物的脲酶（E.C.3.5.1.5.）活性未观察到显著差异。5周龄时，常规饲养动物的总蛋白水平显著增加，最高水平出现在4周龄（CL - 59.5 g·l-1，GL - 55.3 g·l-1）。6周龄常规饲养羔羊的尿素水平显著高于无菌羔羊（CL - 6.4 mmol·l-1对GL - 1.9 mmol·l-1）。关于血糖，未记录到显著的组间差异。在常规饲养动物中，总脂质水平在1周龄和6周龄时显著增加，峰值出现在出生后第一周（7.5 g·l-1），而在无菌羔羊中，3周龄时观察到显著增加，峰值出现在4周龄动物中（4.3 g·l-1）。在整个观察期内，常规饲养和无菌羔羊的平均日增重分别为0.164和0.162 kg。（摘要截断于400字）
