Mooney K W, Cromwell G L
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1995 Nov;73(11):3351-7. doi: 10.2527/1995.73113351x.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium picolinate (CrP) on growth performance, carcass composition, and tissue accretion rates in pigs from 27 to 109 kg BW. Seven littermate sets of Yorkshire-Hampshire barrows, individually penned, were fed a fortified, corn-soybean meal basal diet (.95% lysine from 27 to 55 kg; .80% lysine from 55 to 109 kg) supplemented with 0 or 200 micrograms/kg of Cr from CrP. Addition of CrP increased (P < .09) ADG but did not affect ADFI or feed:gain ratio. Average and 10th rib backfat and longissimus muscle area were not affected by Cr supplementation. The right side of the carcass was physically dissected into muscle, fat, bone, and skin. Additionally, five pigs were killed for determination of initial body composition. Dietary CrP addition increased (P < .02) the percentage of muscle and decreased (P < .06) the percentage of fat. Total gain of dissected bone and skin were not different between treatments, but CrP increased (P < .06) the total gain of dissected muscle and decreased (P < .02) the total gain of dissected fat. Also, CrP increased the daily accretion rates of muscle (P < .05) and bone (P < .03) and decreased the daily accretion rate of fat (P < .05). The left side of the carcass was ground for determination of water, protein, lipid, and ash. The addition of CrP to the diet increased the percentage (P < .09) and accretion rate (P < .09) of water and increased the percentage (P < .004), total gain (P < .02), and accretion rate (P < .02) of protein while decreasing (P < .04) the percentage of lipid. Pigs fed CrP also had a decreased (P < .004) percentage of lipid in the dissected carcass muscle. Water, protein, and ash from the dissected muscle were not different between treatments. These results suggest that CrP supplementation throughout the entire growing-finishing phase increases the total gain and accretion rate of muscle while decreasing the total gain and accretion rate of fat. This results in carcasses with an increased percentage of muscle and decreased percentage of fat.
进行了一项试验，以评估吡啶甲酸铬（CrP）对体重27至109千克猪的生长性能、胴体组成和组织生长率的影响。选取七组约克夏-汉普夏杂交公猪同窝仔猪，单独圈养，饲喂强化玉米-豆粕基础日粮（27至55千克体重阶段赖氨酸含量为0.95%；55至109千克体重阶段赖氨酸含量为0.80%），日粮中添加0或200微克/千克来自CrP的铬。添加CrP使平均日增重提高（P<0.09），但不影响采食量或料重比。补充铬对第10肋背膘厚和最长肌面积无影响。胴体右侧经物理分离为肌肉、脂肪、骨骼和皮肤。另外，宰杀五头猪以测定初始体组成。日粮中添加CrP使肌肉百分比增加（P<0.02），脂肪百分比降低（P<0.06）。不同处理间分离出的骨骼和皮肤总增重无差异，但CrP使分离出的肌肉总增重增加（P<0.06），分离出的脂肪总增重降低（P<0.02）。此外，CrP提高了肌肉（P<0.05）和骨骼（P<0.03）的日生长率，降低了脂肪的日生长率（P<0.05）。胴体左侧磨碎后用于测定水分、蛋白质、脂质和灰分。日粮中添加CrP使水分百分比（P<0.09）和生长率（P<0.09）提高，蛋白质百分比（P<0.004）、总增重（P<0.02）和生长率（P<0.02）提高，同时脂质百分比降低（P<0.04）。饲喂CrP的猪胴体肌肉中脂质百分比也降低（P<0.004）。不同处理间分离出的肌肉中的水分、蛋白质和灰分无差异。这些结果表明，在整个生长育肥阶段补充CrP可提高肌肉的总增重和生长率，同时降低脂肪的总增重和生长率。这使得胴体肌肉百分比增加，脂肪百分比降低。
