Laudy J A, Huisman T W, de Ridder M A, Wladimiroff J W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Oct;6(4):277-81. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1995.06040277.x.
Our objectives were to describe the normal pulmonary venous blood flow velocity waveform and to establish reference ranges for the second half of pregnancy in healthy human fetuses. A total of 123 women with uncomplicated pregnancies of between 20 and 40 weeks were examined, using a combined color-coded Doppler and two-dimensional real-time ultrasound system. Pulsed Doppler flow velocity waveforms of pulmonary venous drainage into the left atrium were obtained from a transverse cross section of the fetal chest at the level of the cardiac four-chamber view. All waveforms were obtained during fetal apnea. The success rate in obtaining the pulmonary venous waveform was 81%. The waveform displayed a biphasic forward flow profile with a systolic and diastolic component. Peak systolic, peak diastolic and time-averaged velocities demonstrated a gestational age-related rise, whereas the peak systolic/peak diastolic ratio showed a gestational age-related reduction. The nature of the fetal pulmonary venous flow velocity waveform pattern suggests positive pressure towards the left atrium throughout the cardiac cycle. We speculate that an increase in volume flow and the pulmonary venous pressure gradient play a role in the gestational age-related changes in pulmonary venous flow velocities.
我们的目标是描述正常肺静脉血流速度波形，并为健康人类胎儿妊娠后半期建立参考范围。使用彩色编码多普勒和二维实时超声系统联合检查了123名妊娠20至40周且无并发症的女性。从胎儿胸部心脏四腔心切面水平的横切面获取肺静脉引流至左心房的脉冲多普勒血流速度波形。所有波形均在胎儿呼吸暂停期间获取。获得肺静脉波形的成功率为81%。该波形显示为具有收缩期和舒张期成分的双相正向血流模式。收缩期峰值、舒张期峰值和时间平均速度呈现与孕周相关的升高，而收缩期峰值/舒张期峰值比值则呈现与孕周相关的降低。胎儿肺静脉血流速度波形模式的性质表明在整个心动周期中朝向左心房存在正压。我们推测流量增加和肺静脉压力梯度在肺静脉血流速度与孕周相关的变化中起作用。
