Shahani B T, Young R R
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1976 Aug;39(8):772-83. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.39.8.772.
Physiological and pharmacological studies of more than 150 patients with movement disorders are reported. Particular attention is paid to the differentiation of various types of tremor on the basis of rate, rhythm, and pattern of EMG activity in antagonistic muscles. The typical 'tremor-at-rest' of Parkinson's disease--3-7 Hz activity which alternates between antagonistic muscles--is suppressed, at least briefly, during voluntary activity, at which time typical 8--12 Hz 'physiological tremor' may be seen. Essential tremor and its familial or senile variants also have a characteristic EMG pattern during voluntary activity--5-8 Hz bursts of activity which are synchronous in antagonistic muscles. This type of tremor may also be present in patients with Parkinson's disease and in certain kinships with a Charcot-Marie-Tooth polyneuropathy. Other tremors in association with polyneuropathy ('neuropathic tremor') have different physiological characteristics. Myoclonus is of essentially two types ('positive' with EMG bursts and 'negative' with brief pauses in ongoing activity, as with asterixis) and may, at times, mimic tremor. Certain specific tremors respond predictably to specific pharmacological therapy.
报告了150多名运动障碍患者的生理和药理学研究情况。特别关注根据拮抗肌肌电图活动的频率、节律和模式来区分各种类型的震颤。帕金森病典型的“静止性震颤”——拮抗肌之间交替出现的3 - 7赫兹活动——在自主活动期间至少会短暂受到抑制，此时可能会出现典型的8 - 12赫兹“生理性震颤”。特发性震颤及其家族性或老年性变体在自主活动期间也有特征性的肌电图模式——拮抗肌同步出现的5 - 8赫兹活动爆发。这种类型的震颤也可能出现在帕金森病患者以及某些伴有夏科 - 马里 - 图斯多神经病的家族中。与多神经病相关的其他震颤（“神经性震颤”）具有不同的生理特征。肌阵挛基本上有两种类型（“阳性”表现为肌电图爆发，“阴性”表现为持续活动中的短暂停顿，如扑翼样震颤），有时可能会模仿震颤。某些特定的震颤对特定的药物治疗有可预测的反应。
