Kiorpes L, Kiper D C
Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, NY 10003, USA.
Vision Res. 1996 Jan;36(2):239-47. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00097-j.
Interpretation of measurements of visual performance in infants must be based on knowledge of the locus of highest sensitivity in the infant retina. While we know that adult contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution is highest at the fovea, recent anatomical data show that the infant fovea is relatively immature. We have studied that variation of contrast sensitivity across the visual field during development in infant monkeys in order to investigate the behavioral consequences of this immaturity. The results show that, unlike adults, the sensitivity of the infant foveal region is similar to that of the near periphery. Central contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution improve substantially relative to the periphery over the first 20-40 postnatal weeks. Thus, contrast sensitivity in the periphery is relatively mature in infants with respect to more central regions of the visual field. The maturation pattern seen behaviorally is consistent with physiological and anatomical maturation patterns in macaque monkey.
对婴儿视觉能力测量结果的解读必须基于对婴儿视网膜最高敏感度位置的了解。虽然我们知道成人的对比敏感度和空间分辨率在中央凹处最高，但最近的解剖学数据表明，婴儿的中央凹相对不成熟。我们研究了幼猴发育过程中视野内对比敏感度的变化，以探究这种不成熟所带来的行为后果。结果表明，与成年人不同，婴儿中央凹区域的敏感度与近周边区域相似。在出生后的前20 - 40周内，中央对比敏感度和空间分辨率相对于周边区域有显著提高。因此，就视野的更中央区域而言，婴儿周边区域的对比敏感度相对成熟。从行为上观察到的成熟模式与猕猴的生理和解剖成熟模式一致。
