Kucová D, Doubal S
Farmaceutická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Hradec Králové.
Ceska Slov Farm. 1995 Dec;44(6):287-92.
Many fields of natural sciences still in the recent past were based almost exclusively on tests carried out on experimental animals. For the reason of protection of experimental animals, the advanced states have introduced legislative measures aiming to decrease their numbers and stressing the development of alternative possibilities of obtaining relevant results. The alternative methods usable both in the field of research and in teaching include physico-chemical methods, mathematical and computer methods, studies on lower organisms, on vertebrates in early stages of their development, on humans, and the well elaborated in vitro methods. The paper also surveys the present-day possibilities of using alternative methods in the field of organizational-informational systems, teaching and research, with concrete examples of application. The future and prospects of alternative methods as well as the present state of the art in the Czech Republic are discussed.
直到最近，许多自然科学领域几乎完全基于对实验动物进行的测试。出于保护实验动物的原因，发达国家已出台立法措施，旨在减少实验动物数量，并强调开发获得相关结果的替代方法。可用于研究和教学领域的替代方法包括物理化学方法、数学和计算机方法、对低等生物、发育早期的脊椎动物、人类的研究，以及精心设计的体外方法。本文还通过具体应用实例，概述了在组织信息系统、教学和研究领域使用替代方法的当前可能性。文中讨论了替代方法的未来和前景以及捷克共和国的当前技术水平。
