Hussain A, Kvale G
Center for International Health, University of Bergen, Haukeland Hospital, Norway.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Mar;54(3):309-12. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.309.
The purpose of the study was to estimate the association of environmental factors (water and sanitation), health behavior (breast feeding practice and vaccination), and mortality among siblings with night blindness. A total of 5,420 children were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from 2,101 households in the northern part of Bangladesh, a high risk area for night blindness. One hundred twenty-four children were reported by parents to have night blindness. Our results indicated that environmental factors, health behavior, and the death of siblings were significantly associated with the occurrence of night blindness in crude analyses, as well as in analyses with adjustment for a number of potential confounding variables. The strongest association was noted for sibling death. The findings support the notion that night blindness should not be viewed as an isolated health problem and that approaches aimed at improving vitamin A status should also include interventions directed to environmental and health-associated behavioral factors.
该研究的目的是评估环境因素（水和卫生设施）、健康行为（母乳喂养习惯和疫苗接种）以及夜盲症患儿兄弟姐妹的死亡率之间的关联。在孟加拉国北部这一夜盲症高风险地区，共有来自2101户家庭的5420名儿童参与了一项横断面研究。父母报告称有124名儿童患有夜盲症。我们的结果表明，在粗分析以及对一些潜在混杂变量进行调整后的分析中，环境因素、健康行为以及兄弟姐妹的死亡与夜盲症的发生均显著相关。兄弟姐妹死亡的关联最为强烈。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即夜盲症不应被视为一个孤立的健康问题，旨在改善维生素A状况的方法还应包括针对环境和与健康相关行为因素的干预措施。
