Nesterov A P
Vestn Oftalmol. 1995 Oct-Dec;111(4):3-5.
The two principal pathophysiological mechanisms of glaucomatous process (hydromechanical and metabolic) determine the development of two trends in the treatment of glaucoma. One treatment modality is aimed at reduction of intraocular pressure, the other at therapy of hemodynamic and metabolic disorders. General and local drug therapy and physiotherapy, including electro- and laser stimulation of the retina and optic nerve and magneto-therapy, are used to correct these disorders. Modern ocular hypotensive agents are myotics and beta-adrenoblockers, adrenergic drugs, alpha 2-agonists, carboanhydrase inhibitors, some prostaglandins, osmotic agents. The author emphasizes that drugs should be selected individually and regularly replaced in order to prevent the development of the habituation phenomenon and the negative side effects. The progress attained in conservative therapy of glaucoma should by no means be overstated. In many cases only a combination of conservative and surgical methods of treatment helps preserve vision in a glaucoma patient.
青光眼病理生理过程的两个主要机制（流体力学和代谢机制）决定了青光眼治疗的两种趋势。一种治疗方式旨在降低眼压，另一种旨在治疗血流动力学和代谢紊乱。全身和局部药物治疗以及物理治疗，包括视网膜和视神经的电刺激和激光刺激以及磁疗，被用于纠正这些紊乱。现代降眼压药物有缩瞳剂、β-肾上腺素能阻滞剂、肾上腺素能药物、α2-激动剂、碳酸酐酶抑制剂、一些前列腺素、渗透性药物。作者强调，药物应个体化选择并定期更换，以防止产生习惯化现象和负面副作用。青光眼保守治疗所取得的进展绝不应被夸大。在许多情况下，只有将保守治疗方法和手术治疗方法相结合，才有助于青光眼患者保留视力。
