Antognini J F, Mark K
Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Davis, USA.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1995 Nov;39(8):1125-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1995.tb04242.x.
In haemorrhagic patients, hyperkalaemia may occur after succinylcholine administration. We investigated in haemorrhagic rabbits whether vecuronium caused hyperkalaemia and if blood transfusion prevented succinylcholine-induced hyperkalaemia. Rabbits were lightly anaesthetized with halothane/N2O and 30-35 ml/kg blood were withdrawn to cause arterial pH to decrease to approximately 7.0-7.1. Group C (n = 12) received 3 ml saline, Group S (n = 13) received succinylcholine 1 mg/kg, Group V (n = 7) received vecuronium 0.25 mg/kg and Group T (n = 9) was transfused with 10 ml/kg blood 10 min prior to receiving succinylcholine 1 mg/kg. K+ analysis was repeated at 5 min, and at 10 min in most animals. Haemorrhage increased K+ (nmol.1-1, mean +/- SD): Group C, 3.4 +/- 0.3 to 6.8 +/- 1.8; Group S, 3.8 +/- 0.5 to 6.9 +/- 2.3; Group V, 3.8 +/- 0.3 to 7.1 +/- 1.9; Group T, 3.6 +/- 0.5 to 7.6 +/- 2.9. K+ decreased in Group T (to 5.4 +/- 1.8) after blood transfusion. K+ increased at 5 min in Group S (to 8.7 +/- 2.6) and at 10 min for Group C (to 8.4 +/- 1.7) and Group T (to 7.2 +/- 2.3). The K+ increase at 5 min for Group S (1.8 +/- 0.8) was significantly higher than those for Group C (1.0 +/- 0.6) or Group V (0.9 +/- 0.4), but was not different from that of Group T (1.5 +/- 0.7). We conclude that haemorrhage and succinylcholine cause hyperkalaemia in rabbits. Muscle relaxation itself does not appear to be a factor, but transfusion may lessen the hyperkalaemia.
在出血性患者中，琥珀酰胆碱给药后可能会发生高钾血症。我们研究了在出血性兔中维库溴铵是否会引起高钾血症，以及输血是否能预防琥珀酰胆碱诱导的高钾血症。兔用氟烷/N₂O轻度麻醉，抽取30 - 35 ml/kg血液使动脉pH降至约7.0 - 7.1。C组（n = 12）接受3 ml生理盐水，S组（n = 13）接受1 mg/kg琥珀酰胆碱，V组（n = 7）接受0.25 mg/kg维库溴铵，T组（n = 9）在接受1 mg/kg琥珀酰胆碱前10分钟输注10 ml/kg血液。大多数动物在5分钟和10分钟时重复进行钾离子（K⁺）分析。出血使K⁺（nmol·L⁻¹，均值±标准差）升高：C组，从3.4±0.3升至6.8±1.8；S组，从3.8±0.5升至6.9±2.3；V组，从3.8±0.3升至7.1±1.9；T组，从3.6±0.5升至7.6±2.9。输血后T组K⁺降低（至5.4±1.8）。S组在5分钟时K⁺升高（至8.7±2.6），C组和T组在10分钟时K⁺升高（分别至8.4±1.7和7.2±2.3）。S组在5分钟时K⁺升高幅度（1.8±0.8）显著高于C组（1.0±0.6）或V组（0.9±0.4），但与T组（1.5±0.7）无差异。我们得出结论，出血和琥珀酰胆碱会导致兔出现高钾血症。肌肉松弛本身似乎不是一个因素，但输血可能会减轻高钾血症。
