Sudlow C L, Warlow C P
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh (Scotland).
Stroke. 1996 Mar;27(3):550-8. doi: 10.1161/01.str.27.3.550.
Comparing stroke rates in different parts of the world and at different points in time may increase our understanding of the disease. Comparisons are only meaningful if they are based on studies that use similar definitions, methods, and data presentation.
We discuss the criteria that make such studies comparable, drawing on the experiences of recent studies performed around the world. If only those studies that fulfill the proposed criteria for comparison are considered, comparable data do not exist for vast areas of the world, including Africa, Asia, and South America. The importance of complete, community-based case ascertainment, including strokes managed outside the hospital, is emphasized. An approach for measuring and comparing the incidence of the pathological types of stroke (cerebral infarction, primary intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) and subtypes of cerebral infarction is suggested.
The "ideal" stroke incidence study does not exist, but studies closely approaching it will reveal the most reliable and comparable results. There is a need for further studies to fill the gaps in our knowledge of the worldwide incidence of stroke, particularly for developing countries.
比较世界不同地区以及不同时间点的卒中发病率，可能会增进我们对该疾病的了解。只有基于采用相似定义、方法和数据呈现方式的研究进行比较，才具有意义。
我们借鉴世界各地近期研究的经验，讨论使此类研究具有可比性的标准。如果仅考虑那些符合提议比较标准的研究，那么包括非洲、亚洲和南美洲在内的世界广大地区都不存在可比数据。强调了完整的、基于社区的病例确诊的重要性，包括院外治疗的卒中病例。建议了一种测量和比较卒中病理类型（脑梗死、原发性脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血）以及脑梗死亚型发病率的方法。
不存在“理想”的卒中发病率研究，但最接近理想的研究将得出最可靠且可比的结果。需要进一步开展研究，以填补我们在全球卒中发病率知识方面的空白，尤其是针对发展中国家。
