Wheeler-Jones C P, May M J, Morgan A J, Pearson J D
Vascular Biology Research Centre, King's College London, Kensington, U.K.
Biochem J. 1996 Apr 15;315 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):407-16. doi: 10.1042/bj3150407.
The rapid synthesis and release of prostacyclin (PGI2) and the exocytotic secretion of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) elicited by activation of G-protein-coupled receptors on endothelium occur via signaling mechanisms which are incompletely defined. Activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and modulation of the tyrosine-phosphorylation state of endogenous proteins have been implicated in several cellular processes including arachidonate release and exocytosis. In the present study we have examined the regulatory role of PTKs in agonist-stimulated release of PGI2 and vWF from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using two chemically and mechanistically dissimilar PTK inhibitors (genistein and ST271). Genistein, but not the less active analogue daidzein, dose-dependently attenuated PGI2 release in response to thrombin and histamine (IC50 approx. 20 microM), and to the thrombin-receptor-activating peptide. A more potent inhibition of thrombin- and histamine-induced PGI2 synthesis was observed in cells exposed to ST271. In contrast, neither genistein nor ST271 modulated agonist-drive vWF secretion. At concentrations that abolished PGI2 release, genistein blocked thrombin- or histamine-evoked tyrosine phosphorylation of a 42 kDa protein. Ca2+ ionophore-induced PGI2 generation, but not vWF secretion, was also inhibited by both genistein and ST271, suggesting that these agents modulate PGI2 synthesis by acting at, or distal to, agonist-induced changes in intracellular CA2+ ([Ca2+]i). In fura-2-loaded HUVECs genistein partially reduced the histamine-induced peak [Ca2+]i but had no effect on the thrombin response. Ca(2+)-induced PGI2 release from electrically permeabilized HUVECs was abolished in the presence of ST271 or genistein, but not diadzein. The generation of PGI2 in response to exogenous arachidonic acid was not modulated by genistein or ST271, suggesting that PTK inhibitors do not directly inhibit cyclo-oxygenase activity. Taken together, these results suggest that PTKs regulate PGI2 synthesis and release in HUVECs by modulating, directly or indirectly, a CA(2+)-sensitive step upstream of cyclo-oxygenase.
内皮细胞上G蛋白偶联受体激活所引发的前列环素(PGI2)的快速合成与释放以及血管性血友病因子(vWF)的胞吐分泌,是通过尚未完全明确的信号传导机制发生的。蛋白酪氨酸激酶(PTK)的激活以及内源性蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸化状态的调节,已被证明与包括花生四烯酸释放和胞吐作用在内的多种细胞过程有关。在本研究中,我们使用两种化学和作用机制不同的PTK抑制剂(染料木黄酮和ST271),研究了PTK在激动剂刺激下人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)释放PGI2和vWF中的调节作用。染料木黄酮而非活性较低的类似物大豆苷元,能剂量依赖性地减弱凝血酶和组胺(IC50约为20 microM)以及凝血酶受体激活肽刺激引起的PGI2释放。在暴露于ST271的细胞中,观察到对凝血酶和组胺诱导的PGI2合成有更强的抑制作用。相比之下,染料木黄酮和ST271均未调节激动剂驱动的vWF分泌。在消除PGI2释放的浓度下,染料木黄酮可阻断凝血酶或组胺引起的42 kDa蛋白的酪氨酸磷酸化。染料木黄酮和ST271也抑制了钙离子载体诱导的PGI2生成,但不影响vWF分泌,这表明这些药物通过作用于激动剂诱导的细胞内钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)变化的位点或其远端来调节PGI2合成。在负载fura-2的HUVECs中,染料木黄酮部分降低了组胺诱导的[Ca2+]i峰值,但对凝血酶反应无影响。在存在ST271或染料木黄酮而非大豆苷元的情况下,钙离子诱导的电通透化HUVECs释放PGI2被消除。染料木黄酮或ST271未调节对外源性花生四烯酸的PGI2生成,这表明PTK抑制剂不直接抑制环氧化酶活性。综上所述,这些结果表明PTK通过直接或间接调节环氧化酶上游对钙离子敏感的步骤来调节HUVECs中PGI2的合成与释放。