Stateler D A, Kunkle W E, Hammond A C
Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1995 Oct;73(10):3078-84. doi: 10.2527/1995.73103078x.
Four molasses slurries of varying protein level and source were fed in two performance trials (Year 1, 105 d; Year 2, 92 d) to growing cattle (Year 1, 230 kg; Year 2, 247 kg). Treatments were CONTROL (hay only), MOL (molasses-corn meal), MOL-UREA (molasses-urea-corn meal), MOL-SBM (molasses-soybean meal), and MOL-BF (molasses-urea-corn meal blood meal-hydrolyzed feather meal). Animals on all treatments were offered bermudagrass hay (Year 1: 12.8% CP, 50% TDN; Year 2: 12.8% CP, 54% TDN) and a complete mineral mixture free choice. Each treatment was fed to three pens each year with seven animals/pen. Slurries were offered at 2.1 kg/d (DM) and effects on forage intake, ADG, condition score (1 to 9), hip height, and plasma urea nitrogen were monitored. Treatment effects for Years 1 and 2 were analyzed separately due to treatment x year interactions (P < .15) with respect to ADG, hip height change, condition score change, and feed cost of gain. Supplementation increased (P < .001) ADG over CONTROL in Year 1 (.41 vs .06 kg/d) and Year 2 (.69 vs .25 kg/d), increased hip height change by .02 cm/d (P < .001) in Year 1 and by .01 cm/d (P = .012) in Year 2, and decreased (P < .001) loss of body condition in Years 1 and 2. Molasses-urea showed no advantage over MOL in Years 1 and 2. Natural protein (MOL-SBM and MOL-BF) increased ADG by .10 kg/d in Year 1 (P = .001) and by .06 kg/d in Year 2 (P = .077) compared with MOL-UREA. Daily gain was improved by MOL- BF by .05 kg/d (P = .109) in Year 1 and by .08 kg/d (P = .063) in Year 2 compared with MOL-SBM. Results indicate that growing cattle fed bermudagrass hay during winter respond positively to energy supplementation in the form of molasses. The addition of animal source protein enhanced this response.
在两项生长试验中（第1年，105天；第2年，92天），将四种蛋白质水平和来源各异的糖蜜浆液饲喂给生长牛（第1年，体重230千克；第2年，体重247千克）。处理组分别为对照组（仅干草）、MOL（糖蜜-玉米粉）、MOL-UREA（糖蜜-尿素-玉米粉）、MOL-SBM（糖蜜-豆粕）和MOL-BF（糖蜜-尿素-玉米粉-血粉-水解羽毛粉）。所有处理组的动物都可自由采食百慕大干草（第1年：粗蛋白含量12.8%，总可消化养分50%；第2年：粗蛋白含量12.8%，总可消化养分54%）和一种完整的矿物质混合物。每年每个处理组设三个圈舍，每个圈舍饲养7头牛。以每天2.1千克（干物质）的量提供浆液，并监测其对采食量、平均日增重、体况评分（1至9分）、髋高和血浆尿素氮的影响。由于在平均日增重、髋高变化、体况评分变化和增重饲料成本方面存在处理×年份交互作用（P < 0.15），因此分别对第1年和第2年的处理效果进行了分析。与对照组相比，补充饲料使第1年（0.41对0.06千克/天）和第2年（0.69对0.25千克/天）的平均日增重显著增加（P < 0.001），使第1年的髋高变化每天增加0.02厘米（P < 0.001），第2年每天增加0.01厘米（P = 0.012），并使第1年和第2年的体况损失显著减少（P < 0.001）。在第1年和第2年，糖蜜-尿素组与MOL组相比无优势。与MOL-UREA组相比，天然蛋白质（MOL-SBM和MOL-BF）使第1年的平均日增重提高了0.10千克/天（P = 0.001），第2年提高了0.06千克/天（P = 0.077）。与MOL-SBM组相比，MOL-BF组使第1年的日增重提高了0.05千克/天（P = 0.109），第2年提高了0.08千克/天（P = 0.063）。结果表明，冬季以百慕大干草为食的生长牛对糖蜜形式的能量补充有积极反应。添加动物源蛋白质可增强这种反应。
