Tower R B, Kasl S V
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1996 May;51(3):P115-29. doi: 10.1093/geronb/51b.3.p115.
Data from the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (EPESE) in New Haven include independent interviews with husbands and wives in 317 community-dwelling older couples. Drawing on these data, we (a) describe the prevalence of three aspects of marital closeness: having a confidant, perceived emotional support, and reciprocity between spouses' reports of marital closeness; (b) evaluate their associations with depressive symptoms according to both a respondent's own and his or her spouse's reports; and (c) examine gender similarities and differences in the prevalence and the associations of the closeness variables. Both husbands and wives responded more strongly to their spouse's than to their own. Different dynamics operate, with husbands having fewest depressive symptoms when they have emotionally independent wives, and wives having low levels when they feel important emotionally to their husbands. Dyadic closeness was associated with fewer symptoms in wives and more symptoms in husbands.
来自纽黑文市老年流行病学研究的既定人群（EPESE）的数据包括对317对社区居住的老年夫妇中的丈夫和妻子进行的独立访谈。利用这些数据，我们（a）描述婚姻亲密关系三个方面的患病率：拥有一个知己、感知到的情感支持以及配偶对婚姻亲密关系报告之间的互惠性；（b）根据受访者自己及其配偶的报告评估它们与抑郁症状的关联；（c）研究亲密关系变量在患病率以及关联方面的性别异同。丈夫和妻子对配偶报告的反应比对自己报告的反应更强烈。存在不同的动态关系，当丈夫拥有情感独立的妻子时，他们的抑郁症状最少，而当妻子觉得自己对丈夫在情感上很重要时，她们的抑郁水平较低。二元亲密关系与妻子较少的症状和丈夫较多的症状相关。
