Tongsong T, Wanapirak C, Srisomboon J, Piyamongkol W, Sirichotiyakul S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
J Clin Ultrasound. 1996 Feb;24(2):73-7. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(199602)24:2<73::AID-JCU4>3.0.CO;2-H.
To characterize the sonographic findings of alpha-thalassemia hydrops fetalis.
Descriptive study of the ultrasound findings in 100 women with antenatal diagnosis of hydrops fetalis due to alpha-thalassemia.
Mean (+/- SD) maternal age was 27.5 + 5.7 years (17-41 years). Mean menstrual age was 31.3 +/- 4.7 weeks (22-42 weeks). All fetuses were stillborn or died very shortly after birth. The indications for sonographic examination included early onset of pre-eclampsia, large for date, decreased fetal movement and nonreactive NST, or bradycardia and premature contractions. The sonographic features found in more than 90% of cases included hepatosplenomegaly, cardiac enlargement, edematous placenta, and ascites. Other common findings were oligohydramnios (82%), subcutaneous edema (75%), decreased fetal movement (74%), cord edema (63%), and enlarged umbilical vessel (62%). Pericardial or pleural effusion was seen in only 15% of cases. None of the fetuses showed any morphological abnormality. Early findings (22-28 weeks) included evidence of a thickened placenta and/or minimal ascites and/or slight cardiomegaly.
The sonographic characteristics of alpha-thalassemia hydrops fetalis ranged from no obvious morphological abnormalities to evidence of fluid retention. These typical abnormal findings generally did not appear until the late second trimester or early third trimester.
描述α地中海贫血水肿胎儿的超声表现。
对100例产前诊断为α地中海贫血所致胎儿水肿的孕妇的超声检查结果进行描述性研究。
孕妇平均（±标准差）年龄为27.5±5.7岁（17 - 41岁）。平均月经龄为31.3±4.7周（22 - 42周）。所有胎儿均为死产或出生后不久死亡。超声检查的指征包括子痫前期早发、孕周大于胎龄、胎动减少和无反应型NST，或心动过缓和早搏。90%以上病例中发现的超声特征包括肝脾肿大、心脏增大、胎盘水肿和腹水。其他常见表现为羊水过少（82%）、皮下水肿（75%）、胎动减少（74%）、脐带水肿（63%）和脐血管增粗（62%）。仅15%的病例可见心包或胸腔积液。所有胎儿均未显示任何形态学异常。早期表现（22 - 28周）包括胎盘增厚和/或少量腹水和/或轻度心脏增大。
α地中海贫血水肿胎儿的超声特征范围从无明显形态学异常到有液体潴留的表现。这些典型的异常表现一般直到孕中期晚期或孕晚期早期才出现。
