Drewnowski A, Henderson S A, Driscoll A, Rolls B J
Human Nutrition Program, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 May;96(5):471-4. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00131-9.
Age-related deficits in salt taste perception are said to increase preferences for salty foods, thereby leading potentially to greater sodium consumption. This study examined the link between salt taste perceptions and preferences and sodium intakes as a function of age and gender.
We studied 24 young adults (aged 20 to 30 years) and 24 healthy older adults (aged 60 to 75 years). The subjects tasted and rated five sodium chloride solutions and eight samples of salted chicken broth containing from 0.04 to 0.64 mol/L sodium. Food intakes were assessed using a 24-hour food recall and 14 consecutive days of diet records.
Older and younger subjects did not differ in their sensory evaluations of chicken broth, including ratings of the intensity of saltiness. Older subjects preferred less salty soups than did young adults. Hedonic response profiles for salt in soup were not related to daily sodium intakes as assessed by diet records.
Salt taste perceptions and preferences were unrelated to sodium intakes in young adults and in older respondents. Factors other than taste may influence dietary sodium consumption.
据说与年龄相关的盐味感知缺陷会增加对咸味食物的偏好，从而可能导致钠摄入量增加。本研究考察了盐味感知、偏好与钠摄入量之间的联系，将其作为年龄和性别的函数进行研究。
我们研究了24名年轻成年人（年龄在20至30岁之间）和24名健康的老年人（年龄在60至75岁之间）。受试者品尝并对五种氯化钠溶液以及八个含0.04至0.64摩尔/升钠的咸鸡汤样品进行评分。通过24小时食物回忆法和连续14天的饮食记录来评估食物摄入量。
老年受试者和年轻受试者对鸡汤的感官评价没有差异，包括咸味强度评分。老年受试者比年轻成年人更喜欢咸味较淡的汤。汤中盐的享乐反应曲线与饮食记录评估的每日钠摄入量无关。
年轻成年人和老年受试者的盐味感知及偏好与钠摄入量无关。味觉以外的因素可能会影响膳食钠的摄入。
