Taguchi N, Nishikawa T, Inomata S, Taguchi M, Yamashita S, Naito H
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Anesth Analg. 1996 Mar;82(3):568-73. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199603000-00025.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on the hemodynamic responses to intravenous (IV) ephedrine in pediatric patients anesthetized with halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. One hundred ten pediatric patients, ranging in age from 0.1 to 15 yr, were assigned to receive 0.1 mg/kg (n = 55) or 0.2 mg/kg (n = 55) IV ephedrine. General anesthesia was maintained with 1.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) of halothane and 67% nitrous oxide in oxygen after tracheal intubation. Measurements of arterial blood pressure and heart rate were made at 1-min intervals for 10 min after ephedrine 0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg was injected IV as a bolus. Significant correlations were noted between age and changes in mean blood pressure (r = 0.37, P < 0.01 for the subjects receiving ephedrine 0.1 mg/kg; r = 0.63, P < 0.001 for the subjects receiving ephedrine 0.2 mg/kg), but not between age and changes in heart rate. The present results indicate that age correlates with the pressor but not the chronotropic effects of ephedrine in pediatric patients anesthetized with 1 MAC halothane and nitrous oxide.
本研究的目的是评估年龄对接受氟烷、氧化亚氮和氧气麻醉的儿科患者静脉注射麻黄碱后血流动力学反应的影响。110例年龄在0.1至15岁之间的儿科患者被分配接受0.1mg/kg（n = 55）或0.2mg/kg（n = 55）的静脉注射麻黄碱。气管插管后，采用1.0倍最低肺泡有效浓度（MAC）的氟烷和67%的氧化亚氮与氧气混合维持全身麻醉。静脉推注0.1或0.2mg/kg麻黄碱后，每隔1分钟测量动脉血压和心率，持续10分钟。年龄与平均血压变化之间存在显著相关性（接受0.1mg/kg麻黄碱的受试者r = 0.37，P < 0.01；接受0.2mg/kg麻黄碱的受试者r = 0.63，P < 0.001），但年龄与心率变化之间无显著相关性。目前的结果表明，在接受1MAC氟烷和氧化亚氮麻醉的儿科患者中，年龄与麻黄碱的升压作用相关，但与变时作用无关。
