Maurer D, Landis T
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Folia Phoniatr Logop. 1996;48(1):1-10. doi: 10.1159/000266377.
The first formant frequency of most German vowels can be 'oversung' in the sense of vocalizations with pitch frequencies above F1 of normal speech. Investigations of sung and synthesized vowels suggested that, with rising F0, either the vowel loses its identity and its spectral characteristics, or changes in the vocal effort and the speaker group are perceived. This study presents high-pitched vocalizations by untrained men, women and children, apart from singing or shouting. Three main results were found: (i) vowel identity can be maintained at high pitches (F0 = 660-870 Hz); (ii) clear spectral differences in high-pitched vowels are demonstrated; (iii) high pitched vowels can be found within one speaker group, apart from changes in the perceived speaker group. Both the F0 dependence of the lower formants and a possible relationship between phonation and articulation are discussed.
大多数德语元音的第一共振峰频率可以在音高频率高于正常语音F1的发声意义上被“超唱”。对演唱和合成元音的研究表明，随着F0的升高，要么元音失去其特性和频谱特征，要么会察觉到发声努力和说话者群体的变化。除了唱歌或喊叫之外，本研究展示了未经训练的男性、女性和儿童的高音发声。发现了三个主要结果：（i）元音特性可以在高音（F0 = 660 - 870 Hz）下保持；（ii）展示了高音元音明显的频谱差异；（iii）除了感知到的说话者群体变化之外，在一个说话者群体中也能发现高音元音。讨论了较低共振峰对F0的依赖性以及发声和发音之间可能的关系。
