Gortmaker S L, Must A, Sobol A M, Peterson K, Colditz G A, Dietz W H
Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Apr;150(4):356-62. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170290022003.
The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has increased, and television viewing has been suggested as a cause. We examined the relation between hours of television viewed and the prevalence of overweight in 1990, and the incidence and remission of overweight from 1986 to 1990 in a nationally representative cohort of 746 youths aged 10 to 15 years in 1990 whose mothers were 25 to 32 years old. Overweight was defined as a body mass index higher than the 85th percentile for age and gender.
We observed a strong dose-response relationship between the prevalence of overweight in 1990 and hours of television viewed. The odds of being overweight were 4.6 (95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 9.6) times greater for youth watching more than 5 hours of television per day compared with those watching 0 to 2 hours. When adjustments were made for previous overweight (in 1986), baseline maternal overweight, socioeconomic status, household structure, ethnicity, and maternal and child aptitude test scores, results were similar (odds ratio, 5.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 12.1). We also found significant relations between television viewing and increased incidence and decreased remission of overweight during this 4-year period, adjusted for baseline covariates. The adjusted odds of incidence were 8.3 (95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 26.5) times greater for youth watching more than 5 hours of television per day compared with those watching for 0 to 2 hours. Estimates of attributable risk indicate that more than 60% of overweight incidence in this population can be linked to excess television viewing time.
Television viewing affects overweight among youth, and reductions in viewing time could help prevent this increasingly common chronic health condition.
儿童和青少年肥胖的患病率有所上升，有人认为看电视是一个原因。我们在一个具有全国代表性的队列中，研究了1990年看电视的时长与超重患病率之间的关系，以及1986年至1990年超重的发病率和缓解情况。该队列由1990年时年龄在10至15岁、母亲年龄在25至32岁的746名青少年组成。超重定义为体重指数高于同年龄、同性别的第85百分位数。
我们观察到1990年超重患病率与看电视时长之间存在很强的剂量反应关系。与每天看电视0至2小时的青少年相比，每天看电视超过5小时的青少年超重的几率高4.6倍（95%置信区间为2.2至9.6）。在对先前超重情况（1986年）、母亲基线超重情况、社会经济地位、家庭结构、种族以及母亲和儿童的能力测试分数进行调整后，结果相似（优势比为5.3；95%置信区间为2.3至12.1）。我们还发现，在对基线协变量进行调整后，看电视与这4年期间超重发病率增加和缓解率降低之间存在显著关系。与每天看电视0至2小时的青少年相比，每天看电视超过5小时的青少年经调整后的发病几率高8.3倍（95%置信区间为2.6至26.5）。归因风险估计表明，该人群中超过60%的超重发病率可归因于看电视时间过长。
看电视会影响青少年的超重情况，减少看电视时间有助于预防这种日益常见的慢性健康问题。
