College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, Chongqing, China.
College of Liberal Studies (Sports Work Department), Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 2;12:1412389. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1412389. eCollection 2024.
The increase in sedentary behavior (SB) in children and adolescents is one of the major threats to global public health, and the relationship between physical activity (PA) and SB has always been a key topic.
The literature search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and Scopus, and 121 pieces of literature were included in this study after screening and evaluation.
(1) SB caused by screen time such as mobile phones and TVs has varying degrees of negative impact on obesity, cardiovascular metabolism, skeletal muscle development, and cognitive, and psychological disorders in children and adolescents. (2) Regular physical activity could effectively prevent, offset, or improve the harm of SB to the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, mainly by reducing the incidence of obesity, and cardiovascular and metabolic risks, promoting skeletal muscle development, and improving cognitive function and mental health. (3) The mechanism of physical activity to prevent or ameliorate the harm of SB was relatively complex, mainly involving the inhibition or activation of neurobiomolecules, the improvement of blood and cell metabolic factors, and the enhancement of brain functional connectivity.
Children and adolescents should avoid excessive SB, and through a variety of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to replace or intermittent SB, which could effectively prevent or improve the harm of SB to physical and mental health.
儿童和青少年久坐行为（SB）的增加是全球公共卫生的主要威胁之一，而身体活动（PA）与 SB 的关系一直是一个关键话题。
通过 PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI、万方和 Scopus 进行文献检索，经过筛选和评价，纳入了 121 篇文献。
（1）手机和电视等屏幕时间引起的 SB 对儿童和青少年的肥胖、心血管代谢、骨骼肌发育以及认知和心理障碍有不同程度的负面影响。（2）定期的身体活动可以有效预防、抵消或改善 SB 对儿童和青少年身心健康的危害，主要通过降低肥胖和心血管代谢风险、促进骨骼肌发育以及改善认知功能和心理健康来实现。（3）身体活动预防或改善 SB 危害的机制较为复杂，主要涉及神经生物物质的抑制或激活、血液和细胞代谢因素的改善以及脑功能连接的增强。
儿童和青少年应避免过度 SB，通过各种中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）来替代或间歇性地 SB，这可以有效地预防或改善 SB 对身心健康的危害。
