Hickerson S L, Kirby R S, Wheeler J G, Schutze G E
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
South Med J. 1996 May;89(5):487-90. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199605000-00007.
A retrospective chart review of all cases of suspected epiglottitis from 1985 to 1993 at Arkansas Children's Hospital identified 29 patients treated for epiglottitis during this 9-year period. Review of the immunization status of these patients showed 72% without Hib vaccination, 11% who had initiated the Hib series, and 17% with unknown immunization status. The incidence of epiglottitis declined over the duration of the study with 0.61/1,000 admissions in 1985, 0.27 in 1986, 1.42 in 1987, 0.9 in 1988, 0.39 in 1989, 0.0 in 1990, 0.35 in 1991, 0.0 in 1992, and 0.0 in 1993. Comparing the years before available conjugate vaccine--1985 to 1988--with the years after conjugate vaccine--1989 to 1993--shows a significant change in the incidence of epiglottitis. With increasing populations of susceptible children receiving Hib immunization, Hib epiglottitis may become a vanishing entity.
对阿肯色州儿童医院1985年至1993年所有疑似会厌炎病例进行的回顾性病历审查发现,在这9年期间有29例患者接受了会厌炎治疗。对这些患者免疫接种状况的审查显示,72%未接种b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗,11%已开始接种b型流感嗜血杆菌系列疫苗,17%的免疫接种状况不明。在研究期间,会厌炎的发病率有所下降,1985年每1000例入院患者中有0.61例,1986年为0.27例,1987年为1.42例,1988年为0.9例,1989年为0.39例,1990年为0例,1991年为0.35例,1992年为0例,1993年为0例。将可获得结合疫苗之前的年份——1985年至1988年——与会厌炎疫苗之后的年份——1989年至1993年——进行比较,会厌炎的发病率有显著变化。随着越来越多易感儿童接种b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗,b型流感嗜血杆菌会厌炎可能会成为一个消失的病种。