Krasnik M, Storm H K, Frimodt-Møller N
Thorax-kirurgisk afdeling R, Amtssygehuset i Gentofte.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Apr 8;158(15):2109-12.
Despite of extensive use of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections pleural empyema is still seen as a complication to pneumonia (7-10 cases/100.000 inhabitants pr. year). Pleural empyema as a complication to pulmonary surgery is reported in 2-3% of the patients even with use of antibiotic prophylaxis. Pleural empyema is most often a serious disease of long duration. The diagnosis is obtained with microbiological and histological examination of the pleural fluid. Mixed infection occurs in over half of the cases, most often including anaerobic bacteria, but most human pathogens have been reported as etiological agents. Treatment includes drainage of pus and administration of relevant antibiotics, systemically and pleurally. Drainage can be performed via thoracocentesis, by tubes, or by resection of a part of the rib. The optimal treatment strategy is so far unknown, since good prospective comparative clinical studies are lacking.
尽管抗生素被广泛用于治疗呼吸道感染，但胸膜腔积脓仍被视为肺炎的一种并发症（每年每10万居民中有7 - 10例）。即使使用抗生素预防，仍有2 - 3%的肺部手术患者会出现胸膜腔积脓这一并发症。胸膜腔积脓通常是一种病程较长的严重疾病。通过对胸腔积液进行微生物学和组织学检查来确诊。超过半数的病例会发生混合感染，最常见的包括厌氧菌，但据报道大多数人类病原体都可作为病因。治疗包括排脓以及全身和胸腔内使用相关抗生素。排脓可通过胸腔穿刺、置管或切除部分肋骨来进行。由于缺乏良好的前瞻性对比临床研究，目前尚不清楚最佳治疗策略。
