Feng G, Castelli E
Institut de la Communication Parlée, I.N.P.G./E.N.S.E.R.G., Université Stendhal, URA CNRS No. 368, Grenoble, France.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1996 Jun;99(6):3694-706. doi: 10.1121/1.414967.
In order to characterize acoustic properties of nasal and nasalized vowels, these sounds will be considered as a dynamic trend from an oral configuration toward an [n]-like configuration. The latter can be viewed as a target for vowel nasalization. This target corresponds to the pharyngonasal tract and it can be modeled, with some simplifications, by a single tract without any parallel paths. Thus the first two resonance frequencies (at about 300 and 1000 Hz) characterize this target well. A series of measurements has been carried out in order to describe the acoustic characteristics of the target. Measured transfer functions confirm the resonator nature of the low-frequency peak. The introduction of such a target allows the conception of the nasal vowels as a trend beginning with a simple configuration, which is terminated in the same manner, so allowing the complex nasal phenomena to be bounded. A complete study of pole-zero evolutions for the nasalization of the 11 French vowels is presented. It allows the proposition of a common strategy for the nasalization of all vowels, so a true nasal vowel can be placed in this nasalization frame. The measured transfer functions for several French nasal vowels are also given.
为了描述鼻音和鼻化元音的声学特性，这些音将被视为从口腔构型向类似[n]构型的动态趋势。后者可被视为元音鼻化的目标。该目标对应于咽鼻腔通道，并且在经过一些简化后，可以用一个没有任何并行路径的单一通道来建模。因此，前两个共振频率（约300和1000赫兹）能很好地表征这个目标。为了描述该目标的声学特性，已经进行了一系列测量。测量得到的传递函数证实了低频峰值的谐振器特性。引入这样一个目标使得鼻元音可以被构想为从简单构型开始并以相同方式结束的一种趋势，从而使复杂的鼻腔现象受到限制。本文给出了对11个法语元音鼻化的零极点演变的完整研究。它提出了一种所有元音鼻化的通用策略，这样一个真正的鼻元音就可以被置于这个鼻化框架中。文中还给出了几个法语鼻元音的测量传递函数。
