Mulligan R, Mackinnon A, Jorm A F, Giannakopoulos P, Michel J P
Department of Geriatrics, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Switzerland.
Arch Neurol. 1996 Jun;53(6):532-6. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1996.00550060074019.
To compare 3 approaches to screening for dementia: cognitive testing, informant report, and neurovisual assessment in a clinical environment.
A university hospital in Geneva, Switzerland.
Subjects were 76 patients admitted to the Geriatric Hospital or outpatients assessed at the Memory Clinic of the Hospitals of the University of Geneva School of Medicine in Geneva, Switzerland. Thirty-three met criteria for dementia and 11 for depression based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised.
Performance in French-language versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, and the Clinical Antisaccadic Eye Movement Test.
All tests significantly discriminated cases of dementia from noncases. The receiver operator characteristic analysis demonstrated that the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly were more efficient screening measures for dementia than the Antisaccadic Eye Movement Test in this setting. Unlike the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly was unrelated to patients' educational attainment or premorbid intelligence. The previously reported strong relationship between the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Antisaccadic Eye Movement Test was not replicated in these patients.
Both cognitive testing and informant report are efficient methods of screening for dementia in clinical settings. Factors such as sensorimotor disability or informant availability may dictate the viability of each approach in individual application. The performance of the Antisaccadic Eye Movement Test precludes recommending its use as a screen for dementia without further research into its performance.
比较在临床环境中筛查痴呆的三种方法：认知测试、知情者报告和神经视觉评估。
瑞士日内瓦的一家大学医院。
研究对象为76名入住老年医院的患者或在瑞士日内瓦大学医学院医院记忆门诊接受评估的门诊患者。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版，33人符合痴呆标准，11人符合抑郁标准。
法语版简易精神状态检查表、老年人认知功能减退知情者问卷和临床反向眼跳试验的表现。
所有测试均能显著区分痴呆患者与非痴呆患者。受试者工作特征分析表明，在此环境下，简易精神状态检查表和老年人认知功能减退知情者问卷作为痴呆筛查措施比反向眼跳试验更有效。与简易精神状态检查表不同，老年人认知功能减退知情者问卷与患者的教育程度或病前智力无关。先前报道的简易精神状态检查表与反向眼跳试验之间的密切关系在这些患者中未得到重复验证。
认知测试和知情者报告都是临床环境中筛查痴呆的有效方法。感觉运动障碍或是否有知情者等因素可能决定每种方法在个体应用中的可行性。在没有对其性能进行进一步研究之前，反向眼跳试验的表现使其不能被推荐用于痴呆筛查。
