Ritchie P K, Ashby M, Knight H H, Judd A M
Department of Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Eur J Endocrinol. 1996 May;134(5):610-6. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1340610.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are released from the zona glomerulosa of rat adrenal glands. The release of these cytokines from adrenal cells is regulated by interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which are involved in the immune and inflammatory responses. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and angiotensin II, hormones that regulate the adrenal cortex, likewise regulate release of cytokines from adrenal glands. Dopamine inhibits aldosterone release from the adrenal cortex. Therefore, effects of dopamine on IL-6 and TNF release from rat adrenal zona glomerulosa were investigated. Primary cultures of rat adrenal zona glomerulosa cells were exposed to test agents and IL-6 and TNF release determined by the 7TD1 and WEHI bioassays, respectively. Dopamine increased basal IL-6 release and potentiated IL-6 release stimulated by ACTH, LPS or IL-1 beta. Dopamine inhibited basal and secretagogue-stimulated (LPS and IL-1 beta) TNF release. These effects of dopamine were mediated by D2 receptors because N-0437, a D2 agonist, had effects on TNF and IL-6 release identical to those of dopamine. Therefore, dopamine, through D2 receptors, regulates the release of IL-6 and TNF from adrenal cells. Because TNF and IL-6 regulate adrenal steroid release, these cytokines may serve as autocrine or paracrine mediators of adrenal gland function.
白细胞介素6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）从大鼠肾上腺球状带释放。肾上腺细胞释放这些细胞因子受白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）和脂多糖（LPS）调节，它们参与免疫和炎症反应。促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和血管紧张素II是调节肾上腺皮质的激素，同样也调节肾上腺细胞因子的释放。多巴胺抑制肾上腺皮质醛固酮的释放。因此，研究了多巴胺对大鼠肾上腺球状带IL-6和TNF释放的影响。将大鼠肾上腺球状带细胞原代培养物暴露于受试药物，分别通过7TD1和WEHI生物测定法测定IL-6和TNF的释放。多巴胺增加基础IL-6释放，并增强由ACTH、LPS或IL-1β刺激引起的IL-6释放。多巴胺抑制基础和促分泌剂刺激（LPS和IL-1β）引起的TNF释放。多巴胺的这些作用由D2受体介导，因为D2激动剂N-0437对TNF和IL-6释放的影响与多巴胺相同。因此，多巴胺通过D2受体调节肾上腺细胞IL-6和TNF的释放。由于TNF和IL-6调节肾上腺类固醇的释放，这些细胞因子可能作为肾上腺功能的自分泌或旁分泌介质。
