Lundberg J, Lundberg J M, Alving K, Weitzberg E
Farmakologiska institutionen, Karolinska institutet.
Lakartidningen. 1996 May 15;93(20):1945-8.
Enzymatic and non-enzymatic production of nitric oxide in humans: role in inflammation and host defence. Recent studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) may play an important role in first line of defense in the airways and the stomach, since bacteriostatic concentrations of this gas has been found in the lumen of these organs. Airway NO synthesis is mostly carried out by a high producing "inducible like" NO synthase constantly present in the epithelium of the paranasal sinuses. Stomach NO synthesis, on the other hand, is non-enzymatic and results from acidification of salivary derived nitrite. Excess NO production has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation although the exact role of NO is still unclear. NO production is enhanced in the mucosa of inflammatory diseases such as asthma and ulcerative colitis. Measurements of local NO production may be done in an easy way in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract by simply analyzing the concentrations of NO gas in luminal air of these hollow organs. Such non-invasive methods may be useful not only to explore what role NO plays in inflammation and host defence but possibly also in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory mucosal diseases in the airways and gastrointestinal tract.
在炎症和宿主防御中的作用。最近的研究表明，一氧化氮（NO）可能在气道和胃部的第一道防线中发挥重要作用，因为在这些器官的管腔中已发现该气体具有抑菌浓度。气道中的NO合成主要由鼻窦上皮中持续存在的高产量“诱导型样”一氧化氮合酶进行。另一方面，胃部的NO合成是非酶促的，是由唾液衍生的亚硝酸盐酸化导致的。尽管NO的确切作用仍不清楚，但过量的NO生成与炎症的发病机制有关。在哮喘和溃疡性结肠炎等炎症性疾病的黏膜中，NO生成会增强。通过简单分析这些中空器官腔内空气中的NO气体浓度，就可以轻松地在气道和胃肠道中测量局部NO生成。这种非侵入性方法不仅可能有助于探究NO在炎症和宿主防御中所起的作用，还可能用于气道和胃肠道炎症性黏膜疾病的诊断和监测。
