Roethlisberger-Holm K, Roepstorff L, Obel N
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Vet Scand. 1995;36(4):461-73. doi: 10.1186/BF03547661.
After giving an account of the principles of pressure measurement in flowing air and a review of the literature on tracheal catheters, the authors describe the construction, the introduction and the function of their own transtracheal catheter. This is a teflon catheter with several side-ports which is introduced into the cervical trachea by a guide technique. After introduction, the catheter is stiffened by the insertion of 2 steel wires. The catheter was studied in model experiments concerning: a) the ability to measure the static pressure in flowing air, and b) the dynamic accuracy of a recording system built up around the catheter. The results indicated that the intratracheal pressure sensed in exercising horses well reflected the static pressure, and that the dynamic accuracy of the recording system was good to about 60 Hz. The present technique of recording the intratracheal pressure was used on 122 occasions in 69 exercising horses with only one complication referable to the catheter occurring. The transtracheal route of catheterisation may be superior, as catheters introduced by this route do not appear to influence the function of the pharynx and larynx. In contrast, nasotracheal catheters that traverse the larynx, might interfere with the respiratory function.
在阐述了测量流动空气中压力的原理并回顾了有关气管导管的文献后，作者描述了他们自己的经气管导管的构造、插入方法及功能。这是一种带有多个侧孔的聚四氟乙烯导管，通过一种引导技术插入颈段气管。插入后，通过插入两根钢丝使导管变硬。对该导管进行了模型实验研究：a）测量流动空气中静压的能力，以及b）围绕该导管构建的记录系统的动态准确性。结果表明，运动马匹气管内测得的压力能很好地反映静压，并且记录系统的动态准确性在约60Hz时良好。目前记录气管内压力的技术在69匹运动马匹上使用了122次，仅发生了1例与导管相关的并发症。经气管插管途径可能更具优势，因为通过该途径插入的导管似乎不会影响咽和喉的功能。相比之下，穿过喉部的鼻气管导管可能会干扰呼吸功能。
