Géraud G
Service de Neurologie, CHU Toulouse-Rangueil.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 1995 Oct;44(8):454-8.
A transient ischaemic attack is "an episode of focal neurological dysfunction of ischaemic origin, with a sudden onset, which resolves entirely in less than 24 hours". This 24-hour limit is actually only theoretical: a "real" transient ischaemic attack recovers in less than half an hour. More prolonged transient ischaemic attacks share the same mechanisms and the same prognosis as rapidly regressive constituted ischaemic accidents. The transient ischaemic attack constitutes a precious warning sign, indicating the need for systematic assessment looking for the cause of this accident and appropriate preventive measures depending on the results of this assessment: treatment of vascular risk factors, platelet antiaggregants, oral anticoagulants, carotid endarterectomy. These measures can reduce the risk of development of cerebral infarction, estimated to be 25% during the 5 years following the transient ischaemic attack in non-treated patients.
短暂性脑缺血发作是“由缺血引起的局灶性神经功能障碍发作，起病突然，在不到24小时内完全缓解”。这个24小时的时限实际上只是理论上的：“真正的”短暂性脑缺血发作在半小时内恢复。持续时间较长的短暂性脑缺血发作与快速消退的缺血性事件具有相同的机制和相同的预后。短暂性脑缺血发作是一个宝贵的警示信号，表明需要进行系统评估以寻找此次发作的原因，并根据评估结果采取适当的预防措施：治疗血管危险因素、使用血小板抗聚集剂、口服抗凝剂、颈动脉内膜切除术。这些措施可降低脑梗死的发生风险，在未接受治疗的患者中，短暂性脑缺血发作后的5年内发生脑梗死的风险估计为25%。
