Yu X Q, Suguihara C, Navarro H, Hehre D, Huang J, Bancalari E
University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Fla. 33101, USA.
Biol Neonate. 1996;69(3):146-52. doi: 10.1159/000244290.
To assess the effects of chloral hydrate (CH) on the cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia in the neonate, 17 newborn piglets were chronically instrumented 48-72 h before study and randomly assigned to a CH group (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline group. The animals were intubated and studied under quiet sleep which was determined by behavioral states, and continuous electro-oculographic and electroencephalographic monitoring. Minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume, respiratory rate, arterial blood gases (ABG), oxygen consumption (VO2), arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before and after CH or saline administration during room air and after 10 min of hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen concentration = 0.10). Cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia was similar before and after saline infusion. Basal VE and the ventilatory response to hypoxia were similar before and after CH administration. In contrast, the basal ABP decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after CH administration, but the ABP response to hypoxia was similar before and after CH. A significant increase in both basal HR and HR with hypoxia was observed after CH administration. In addition, VO2 and ABG were not modified by CH treatment during normoxia and hypoxia. These data demonstrate that a sedative dose of CH does not significantly modify the ventilatory response to hypoxia in newborn piglets. However, CH produced some changes in the cardiovascular system which should be considered when using it in infants with hemodynamic derangements.
为评估水合氯醛（CH）对新生儿低氧时心肺反应的影响，17只新生仔猪在研究前48 - 72小时进行慢性仪器植入，并随机分为CH组（100mg/kg，腹腔注射）或生理盐水组。动物经气管插管，在由行为状态、连续眼电图和脑电图监测确定的安静睡眠状态下进行研究。在常氧和低氧（吸入氧浓度 = 0.10）10分钟后，分别在给予CH或生理盐水前后测量分钟通气量（VE）、潮气量、呼吸频率、动脉血气（ABG）、氧耗量（VO2）、动脉血压（ABP）和心率（HR）。生理盐水输注前后对低氧的心肺反应相似。给予CH前后基础VE和对低氧的通气反应相似。相比之下，给予CH后基础ABP显著降低（p < 0.05），但给予CH前后ABP对低氧的反应相似。给予CH后观察到基础HR和低氧时HR均显著增加。此外，常氧和低氧期间CH处理对VO2和ABG无影响。这些数据表明，镇静剂量的CH不会显著改变新生仔猪对低氧的通气反应。然而，CH对心血管系统产生了一些变化，在用于有血流动力学紊乱的婴儿时应予以考虑。
