Ruvolo M
Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1996 Feb;5(1):202-19. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1996.0014.
A new approach for testing hypotheses about modern human origins using molecular divergence dates is presented. Coalescence times from many unlinked loci are needed to test the alternative models. Hypotheses are evaluated on the basis of their differing predicted distribution patterns of coalescence times from multiple genes. No single coalescence time from one genetic system is sufficient to reject any of the three alternative models. Several nuclear datasets give recent dates for human genetic ancestors, at approximately the mitochondrial coalescence time, while some nuclear datasets support older dates. Given the overall distribution of available mitochondrial and nuclear coalescence times, the rapid replacement hypothesis is the likeliest model for modern human origins. The unusual nature of the human mitochondrial pattern is highlighted by comparative data from nonhuman hominoids. To understand the pattern of modern human genetic variability better, more nuclear data from all hominoid species are needed.
提出了一种利用分子分歧日期检验有关现代人类起源假说的新方法。需要来自许多不连锁基因座的合并时间来检验替代模型。根据多个基因合并时间的不同预测分布模式来评估假说。来自一个遗传系统的单个合并时间不足以拒绝三种替代模型中的任何一种。几个核数据集给出了人类遗传祖先的近期日期，大约在线粒体合并时间，而一些核数据集支持更古老的日期。鉴于现有线粒体和核合并时间的总体分布，快速替代假说是现代人类起源最有可能的模型。非人类类人猿的比较数据突出了人类线粒体模式的独特性质。为了更好地理解现代人类遗传变异模式，需要来自所有类人猿物种的更多核数据。
