Clouse R E
Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 1996 Apr;6(2):323-41.
Endoscopic dilations are infrequently attended by complications. Despite the acceleration in dilation rate for benign strictures that seems to have accompanied the introduction of balloon dilators, perforations in such situations remain uncommon. Perforation is more likely with malignant esophageal strictures and possibly with caustic strictures. The outcome of perforation, when it does occur, is more severe with malignant strictures and possibly with radiation-related strictures. Bacteremia-related complications are important not because of their frequency but because of their potential severity and insidious presentation. The endoscopy-assisted dilation techniques when applied throughout the gastrointestinal tract compare favorably with other dilation methods from the standpoint of complications. The additional advantages of endoscopy rather than differences in complication rates factor into the overall efficacy of these dilation techniques.
内镜扩张术很少出现并发症。尽管随着球囊扩张器的引入，良性狭窄的扩张速度似乎加快了，但在这种情况下穿孔仍然不常见。恶性食管狭窄以及可能的腐蚀性狭窄更易发生穿孔。穿孔一旦发生，恶性狭窄以及可能的放射性狭窄的后果会更严重。菌血症相关并发症之所以重要，并非因其发生率，而是因其潜在的严重性和隐匿性表现。从并发症的角度来看，内镜辅助扩张技术应用于整个胃肠道时，与其他扩张方法相比具有优势。内镜的额外优势而非并发症发生率的差异，是这些扩张技术总体疗效的影响因素。
