Dittmar Y, Rauchfuss F, Settmacher U
Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07745, Jena, Deutschland.
Chirurg. 2015 Nov;86(11):1007-13. doi: 10.1007/s00104-015-0085-x.
Endoscopic procedures are frequently performed interventions in the clinical routine. Whereas endoscopy was initially regarded as being a secondary diagnostic tool, over the last decades endoscopic procedures have now become an integral part of various treatment strategies. The appeal of these methods is without any doubt the minimally invasive approach in contrast to open surgery. Endoscopic interventions per se necessitate representative technical equipment and the various components are continually being refined. Considering the complexity of the method, profound skills in endoscopic diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions are essential prerequisites for adequate procedural quality and patient safety. Endoscopic examinations are in fact invasive interventions in the same way as surgical procedures and are associated with a certain risk of potential complications. The awareness about potential complications and their respective risk factors is of crucial importance for both the patient and the physician. Complications may harm patients and may lead to increased mortality rates; therefore, it is not only important to be aware of them but also to have an efficient management strategy in order to minimize the damage. Recognition and consistent actions are the basic pillars of correct complication management. These aspects are addressed in this article.
内镜检查程序是临床常规中经常进行的干预措施。虽然内镜检查最初被视为一种辅助诊断工具，但在过去几十年中，内镜检查程序现已成为各种治疗策略的一个组成部分。与开放手术相比，这些方法的吸引力无疑在于其微创性。内镜干预本身需要有代表性的技术设备，并且各个部件也在不断改进。考虑到该方法的复杂性，在内镜诊断程序和治疗干预方面具备深厚的技能是确保足够的操作质量和患者安全的基本前提。实际上，内镜检查与外科手术一样都是侵入性干预措施，并且存在一定的潜在并发症风险。对于患者和医生而言，了解潜在并发症及其各自的风险因素至关重要。并发症可能会伤害患者并可能导致死亡率上升；因此，不仅要了解它们，还要有有效的管理策略以尽量减少损害。识别和持续行动是正确并发症管理的基本支柱。本文将探讨这些方面。
