Immunohistochemical detection of p53 tumor suppressor protein in porokeratosis.

We examined 9 Japanese cases of porokeratosis (4 of the plaque type, 2 of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, 2 of disseminated superficial porokeratosis, and one of giant porokeratosis) for the expression of p53 tumor suppressor protein immunohistochemically, using two anti-p53 antibodies, CM1 and DO1. The same results were obtained with both antibodies. The epidermis central to the cornoid lamellae was positive in 8 of 9 specimens. On the other hand, the peripheral epidermis was positive in 2 of the 9 cases. The epidermis beneath the cornoid lamellae was positive in 3 of the 9 cases. The frequency of p53 positivity was significantly higher in the epidermis central to cornoid lamellae over that beneath or peripheral to them (Fisher's exact probability test, p < 0.05). The majority of squamous cell carcinoma cells arising on giant porokeratosis stained with CM1 and DO1. These data may suggest that the abnormal p53 expression has some relevance to the skin carcinogenesis of porokeratosis.