Tortori-Donati P, Fondelli M P, Rossi A, Piatelli G, Balzarini C
Servizio di Neuroradiologia, Istituto Scientifico, Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
Rays. 1996 Jan-Mar;21(1):26-49.
Overall, intraventricular supratentorial tumors are rare in childhood. Classification can be based on the separation of lesions originating in intraventricular structures, such as choroid plexuses, from glial neoplasms of the ventricular wall which tend to infiltrate the ventricular cavities. Aim of the present study is to review the most common neoplasms of this region in childhood. Choroid plexus tumors (papillomas and carcinomas) and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas are dealt with, while for the other neoplasms which are rarer or more typic of other age ranges, specific reports should be consulted. Choroid plexus papillomas affect infants and are the most frequent oncological type among congenital tumors. The malignant variant (grade III-IV) is represented by the less frequent the neoplasms. The malignant variant (grade III-IV) is represented by the less frequent choroid plexus carcinoma which is markedly invasive with respect to adjacent nervous structures and has a high tendency to form metastases even at onset. Anaplastic papillomas are intermediate forms whose correct histopathology is still debated. Most frequent glial tumors are subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas. They are benign tumors (grade I) typically albeit not constantly associated to tuberous sclerosis. In this case the differentiation from subependymal nodules plays a major role. Contrast enhanced CT is fundamental in this assessment. Anaplastic variants, though rare, are well-known.
总体而言，儿童脑室内幕上肿瘤较为罕见。分类可基于起源于脑室内结构（如脉络丛）的病变与倾向于浸润脑室腔的脑室壁神经胶质瘤相区分。本研究的目的是回顾该区域儿童期最常见的肿瘤。本文将探讨脉络丛肿瘤（乳头状瘤和癌）以及室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤，而对于其他更罕见或更典型于其他年龄范围的肿瘤，应查阅具体报告。脉络丛乳头状瘤好发于婴儿，是先天性肿瘤中最常见的肿瘤类型。恶性变体（III - IV级）表现为较罕见的脉络丛癌，其对相邻神经结构具有明显的侵袭性，甚至在发病时就有很高的转移倾向。间变性乳头状瘤是中间形式，其正确的组织病理学仍存在争议。最常见的神经胶质瘤是室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤。它们是良性肿瘤（I级），通常但并非总是与结节性硬化症相关。在这种情况下，与室管膜下结节的鉴别诊断起着重要作用。增强CT在这一评估中至关重要。间变性变体虽然罕见，但也为人所知。
