Schusdziarra V
II. Medizinische Klinik, TU München, Klinikum rechts der Isar.
Zentralbl Chir. 1996;121(5):354-7.
Food intake results in distention of the stomach with subsequent activation of afferent vagal fibers via gastric stretch receptors. The afferent vagal fibers transmit the information about the volume of a meal to the regulatory center in the hypothalamus. Apart from this neurally mediated pathway there is most likely a hormonally mediated regulatory loop which is activated by the chemical constituents of a meal. Neural and hormonal factors activate inhibitory neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus which signal termination of food intake. The exact nature of the peripherally activated hormonal signal and the interaction between the various stimulatory and inhibitory hypothalamic neurotransmitters are as yet largely unknown.
食物摄入会导致胃扩张，随后通过胃牵张感受器激活传入迷走神经纤维。传入迷走神经纤维将有关进餐量的信息传递至下丘脑的调节中枢。除了这种神经介导的途径外，很可能还存在一种激素介导的调节环路，该环路由食物的化学成分激活。神经和激素因素激活下丘脑中的抑制性神经递质，这些神经递质发出停止食物摄入的信号。外周激活的激素信号的确切性质以及下丘脑各种刺激和抑制性神经递质之间的相互作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。
